Neoadjuvant/Adjuvant Cadonilimab Plus Chemotherapy in Patients With Resectable PD-L1 Negative NSCLC

This study is design to prospectively investigate the safety and efficacy of cadonilimab combined with chemotherapy in patients with resectable IB (≥ 4cm) - IIIB (N2) stage PD-L1 negative NSCLC. This is a single-institution, single-arm phase 2 clinical trial. Patients will receive 3 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The surgery was performed 3-6 weeks after the completion of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. After surgery patients could receive up to 12 months of adjuvant chemotherapy.

Inclusion criteria

• Age ≥ 18 years and ≤ 70 years
• Patients with non-small cell lung cancer diagnosed by pathologic histology or cytology, and the primary focus or lymph node metastasis test is clearly negative for EGFR/ALK/ROS1;
• Tumor tissue PD-L1 expression TPS <1%
• Patients with resectable stage IB (≥4 cm) to IIIB (N2) NSCLC (according to the staging criteria of the American Joint Committee on Cancer, 7th edition)
• Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance-status score of 0 or 1
• No previous anticancer therapy
• Patients had to have measurable disease according to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors, version 1.1, and pretreatment tumor tissue available to assess the expression of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1)
• Normal function of major organs

Exclusion criteria

• Patients with large cell carcinoma and mixed cell lung cancer, mixed with small cell lung cancer components;
• Presence of locally advanced unresectable or metastatic disease;
• Patients in whom imaging shows that the tumor has invaded a vital vascular perimeter or in whom, in the judgment of the investigator, there is a high likelihood that the tumor will invade a vital vessel and cause a fatal hemorrhage during the follow-up study; or patients in whom there is a significant cavitating or necrotic tumor in the lung;
• Has undergone any systemic anticancer therapy for NSCLC, including cytotoxic drug therapy, immunologic drug therapy, experimental therapy;
• Has undergone localized radiotherapy for NSCLC;
• Patients who have had a cancer other than NSCLC in the five years prior to the start of treatment in this study. Patients with cancers other than NSCLC within five years prior to the start of treatment in this study. Excluding cervical carcinoma in situ, cured basal cell carcinoma, and epithelial tumors of the bladder [including Ta and Tis];
• Allergy to cardunculizumab or any component of the chemotherapeutic agent;
• Patients with the presence of any severe and/or uncontrolled disease
• Previous interstitial lung disease, drug-induced interstitial disease, radiation pneumonitis requiring hormonal therapy, or any active interstitial lung disease with clinical evidence;
• Patients who have had a cerebrovascular accident (including temporary ischemic attack) and pulmonary embolism within 6 months;
• Current peripheral neuropathy of ≥ CTCAE grade 2, except as a result of trauma; patients requiring total right lung resection; subjects who have had major surgery or severe trauma and whose effects of surgery or trauma have resolved less than 14 days prior to enrollment
• Patients who are participating in another clinical study or who are less than 4 weeks from the end of treatment in the previous clinical study;
• History of known severe hypersensitivity reactions to other monoclonal antibodies;
• Pregnant or lactating women;
• Previous history of definite neurologic or psychiatric disorders, including epilepsy or dementia;
• Patients who, in the judgment of the investigator, may have other factors that could lead to termination of the study, such as other serious medical conditions or serious laboratory abnormalities or other family or social factors that could affect the safety of the subject or the collection of trial data and samples.