Nebulized Lignocaine for Topical Airway Anesthesia During Flexible Bronchoscopy: A Randomized Controlled Trial

For all patients meeting the inclusion criteria, the demographic profile including age, sex, weight, smoking history and the type of procedures performed during bronchoscopy shall be recorded. A written informed consent will be obtained from all participants. The patients who undergo flexible bronchoscopy would be randomised in a one is to one ratio either to nebulized lignocaine (4%) or saline (placebo) nebulization group. Prior to the bronchoscopy blood pressure, pulse rate, respiratory rate and pulse oximetry saturation will be recorded at the baseline Patients in both the groups shall be prepared in a similar fashion except for the nebulized lignocaine. Patient, Operator, outcome assessor will be blinded to the allocation.

During the procedure, 1.5ml aliquots of 1% lignocaine will be delivered through the bronchoscope using spray-as-you go technique. The patients would be monitored for any adverse effects throughout the procedure. The bronchoscopist doing the procedure will be provided 2 VAS charts to mark the severity of cough and overall procedure satisfaction.

Post procedure, patients will record the pain experienced while undergoing the procedure on the faces pain rating scale.

Inclusion criteria

• Adult (Age > 18 years) patients undergoing diagnostic or therapeutic flexible bronchoscopy

Exclusion criteria

• Pregnancy
• Hypoxemia (oxygen saturation [by pulse oximetry] < 92% with Fio2 of ≥ 0.3
• Bronchoscopy done through endotracheal or tracheostomy tube
• Not willing to provide informed consent.
• Patient requiring sedation for flexible bronchoscopy
• Patients with known allergy to lignocaine -