Skip to main content
OpenTrials
Completed

NCT Number: NCT07299214

Music During Non-Stress Testing

Music has direct and indirect positive effects on the mother and fetus during pregnancy and perinatal period. This study was aimed at investigating effects of music played during the Non-Stress Test (NST) procedure on the mother's comfort, vital signs and anxiety.

Completed

Looking for future studies?

Notify Me

Key information

Conditions

Pregnant Women Anxiety Disorders Mental Disorders

Age range

18 year–45 year

Sex eligibility

Female

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Primary location

University District, 2076 Street, No: 11

Karaman, Central, 70200, Turkey (Türkiye)

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: Yes

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Women aged 18-45 years
  • Completion of at least the 32nd week of gestation
  • No pregnancy-related risk factors (e.g., premature rupture of membranes, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes)
  • No multiple pregnancy
  • Normal blood pressure levels (not ≤80/60 mmHg and not ≥140/90 mmHg)
  • Having eaten at least two hours before the NST procedure
  • No smoking or alcohol consumption for at least two hours before the NST procedure
  • Ability to communicate effectively
  • No hearing impairment
  • Voluntary participation in the study

Exclusion criteria

  • Pregnant women with fetal distress
  • Cases for whom the physician considered emergency intervention necessary
  • Individuals with an impaired NST requiring immediate intervention
  • Individuals with a diagnosed psychiatric disorder
  • Individuals with hearing impairment

Treatment and study plan

Music intervention

Other

The music played to the pregnant women was selected by the researchers in accordance with the definition of relaxing music made in the literature. Before the music selection, the researchers communicated with the TÜMATA (Turkish acronym for the "Research and Promotion of Turkish Music Association). After the meeting held with the association, it was decided to use the 'Acemaşiran' (a musical mode in traditional Turkish music). In the study, music prepared by the TÜMATA in the Acemaşiran mode was played. It is stated that Acemaşiran mode helps balance the body, helps the listener relax, facilitates birth, helps correct the wrong position of the fetus in the womb, and has a pain and spasm relieving effect.

Primary outcomes

  1. During Non-Stress Testing on Women's Comfort Level

    Time frame: Pre-test: Before NST application Post-test: After NST application (Approximately 20-30 minutes after the NST session begins)

    Prenatal Comfort Scale (PCS) was used to determine women's comfort level. The short version of the PCS consists of 15 items. Response given to the items are rated on a six-point Likert type scale ranging from 0 to 5 (0 = Strongly disagree, 1 = Disagree, 2 = Undecided, 3 = Somewhat agree, 4 = Agree, 5 = Strongly agree). The minimum and maximum possible scores that can be obtained from the PCS are 0 and 75, respectively. The higher the score is the higher the comfort level is.

  2. During Non-Stress Testing on Women's Systolic Blood Pressure Level

    Time frame: Pre-test: Before NST application Post-test: After NST application (Approximately 20-30 minutes after the NST session begins)

    The women's systolic blood pressure levels were measured with a calibrated electronic sphygmomanometer. Blood pressure levels are expressed in millimeters of mercury (mmHg).

  3. During Non-Stress Testing on Women's Diastolic Blood Pressure Level

    Time frame: Pre-test: Before NST application Post-test: After NST application (Approximately 20-30 minutes after the NST session begins)

    The women's diastolic blood pressure levels were measured with a calibrated electronic sphygmomanometer. Blood pressure levels are expressed in millimeters of mercury (mmHg).

  4. During Non-Stress Testing on Women's Diastolic Heart Rate Level

    Time frame: Pre-test: Before NST application Post-test: After NST application (Approximately 20-30 minutes after the NST session begins)

    Heart rate level was determined electronically. Heart rate level was recorded in beats per minute (bpm).

  5. During Non-Stress Testing on Women's Anxiety Level

    Time frame: Pre-test: Before NST application Post-test: After NST application (Approximately 20-30 minutes after the NST session begins)

    State Anxiety Scale (SAS) was used to determine the anxiety level. The scale is a 4-point Likert type, "not at all" (1), "somewhat" (2), "moderately" (3), "very much" (4). The scale consists of 20 items and items 1, 2, 5, 8, 10, 11, 15, 16, 19 and 20 are reverse scored. To calculate the total score of the SAS, the total score of the reversed items is subtracted from the total score of the non-reversed items. Then, 50 points, which is the constant value of the state anxiety scale, are added to this score. The result is the score for the overall SAS. The total score varies between 20 and 80. The higher the score is the higher the level of the anxiety is. While a score ranging between 0 and 19 indicates "no anxiety", a score ranging between 20 and 39 indicates mild anxiety, a score ranging between 40 and 59 indicates moderate anxiety, a score ranging between 60 and 79 indicates severe anxiety, and a score of 80 indicates very severe anxiety (Panic).

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University

Other

Registry information

Official study title

The Effect of Music During Non-Stress Testing on Women's Comfort, Vital Signs and Anxiety: A Randomized Controlled Study

Important dates

Study start
2025
Primary completion
2025
Study completion
2025
First posted
Dec 23, 2025
Registry last updated
Dec 23, 2025

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

Related clinical trials

Published trials that share one or more normalized conditions with this study.