Multiple Myeloma Outcomes Based on Maintenance Therapy Post Autologous Stem Cell Transplant

This non-interventional, cohort prospective research study will assess outcomes for Multiple Myeloma patients on maintenance single agent vs. doublet (IMiD + PI) combination chemotherapy post ASCT.

Inclusion criteria

• All MM patients (18 years or greater) receiving autologous transplantation given as first line therapy (Melphalan at least 140 mg/m2) will be screened and enrolled in the study if they qualify and willing to participate.
• Ability to provide written informed consent obtained prior to participation in the study and any related procedures being performed.
• Histologically confirmed diagnosis of multiple myeloma.
• Received high dose melphalan (≥ 140 mg/m2) followed by ASCT based on the institutional guidelines and within +60 and +180 after ASCT at the time of maintenance initiation.
• Disease status must be very good partial response (VGPR), complete remission (CR), or stringent complete remission (sCR) per IMWG response criteria at time of study entry.
• Measurable disease at diagnosis per IMWG criteria serum M spike ≥ 1g/dL, or Urine M protein ≥ 200 mg/24h or involved free light chain ≥ 100 mg/L with an abnormal ratio.
• Patients must have the Clonoseq ID sample showing a trackable clone in bone marrow.

Exclusion criteria

• Patients who have purely non-secretory multiple myeloma (i.e., the absence of a measurable protein in serum by electrophoresis and immunofixation and the absence of Bence-Jones protein in the urine defined by use of electrophoresis and immunofixation)
• Prior evidence of disease progression
• Patients who have other malignancy associated with a high risk of progression in the next 2 years.