Multidisciplinary Research Into the Effects of Resistance Exercise and Whey Protein Supplementation in Healthy Older Men

With demographics indicating that the world's population aged >60 years will increase from 600 million reported in 2000, to >2 billion by 2050, there is an increasing interest in health issues related to ageing. One area of particular interest is sarcopenia, defined as the progressive loss of muscle mass, strength and physical function as a consequence of ageing. Sarcopenia has been associated with an increase in cardiovascular disease, poor metabolic and cognitive function, reduced quality of life and early mortality. Studies have reported beneficial effects of both resistance exercise and increasing protein intake independently and in combination on markers of sarcopenia (mostly increases in muscle mass, strength and physical function). However, little is known about the effects of combined intervention on energy metabolism, appetite and cognitive and endocrine function. This randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel groups trial will investigate these, alongside assessing the effects of combined intervention on total lean tissue mass, muscular strength and functional performance.

Inclusion criteria

• Retired Men aged 60-80 years
• Body Mass Index 18.5-30 kg/m2
• Not participated in resistance exercise within the last 6 months
• Free from musculoskeletal injury

Exclusion criteria

• Retired Men aged <60 or >80 years
• Current smokers, or ex-smokers ceasing <6 months ago
• Body Mass Index <18.5 and >30 kg/m2
• Currently participating in resistance exercise regularly (within last 6 months)
• Not weight stable and/or looking to start a weight loss programme
• Individuals participating in another research project (within the last 6 months) involving dietary and/or exercise intervention
• Existing or past medical history of vascular disease, cancer, diabetes, neurological, kidney, pulmonary, digestive (Coeliac disease), thyroidal disease, osteoporosis or history of falls
• Currently taking protein/amino acid supplements regularly
• Currently prescribed non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medication, hormone replacement therapy (HRT), diabetic medication, beta-blockers, statins
• Uncontrolled blood pressure (Blood pressure >160/100 mmHg)
• Self-reported lactose intolerant or allergic to wheat or potatoes
• Individuals with a pacemaker
• Neuromuscular disorders or injuries