Multidimensional Assessment of Mental Health in Adolescence.

Primary outcomes

1. Adolescent Self-Assessment Using the Conners Adolescent Self-Report (CAS)

   Time frame: baseline (T0)

   Behavioral and attentional symptoms will be assessed using the Conners Adolescent Self-Report (CAS), a standardized questionnaire completed from the adolescent's perspective.

   The CAS evaluates symptoms related to attention disorders, mood disorders, and related behavioral issues.

   Scores are reported as T-scores, with a typical range of 0 to 100, where higher scores indicate more severe symptoms, reflecting a worse outcome.

2. Columbia- Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS)

   Time frame: baseline (T0)

   Questionnaire assessing the presence, frequency, and intensity of suicidal ideation and behavior in adolescents.

   The total score ranges from 0 to 25, with higher scores indicating worse suicidal ideation/behavior severity.

3. Youth Self-Report (YSR) - Behavioral and Emotional Problems

   Time frame: baseline (T0)

   Behavioral and emotional problems in adolescents will be assessed using the Youth Self-Report (YSR), a standardized self-report questionnaire for youth aged 11 to 18 years.

   The YSR measures a range of internalizing and externalizing problems. Scores are reported as T-scores, with a typical range of 0 to 100, where higher scores indicate more severe behavioral or emotional problems, reflecting a worse outcome.

4. EGO Resiliency Scale (ERS)

   Time frame: baseline(T0)

   Assessment of the child's capacity to adapt flexibly to environmental demands and stressors.

   The scale consists of 14 items, each rated on a 4-point Likert scale (1-4), producing a total score range of 14 to 56.

   Higher scores indicate greater ego resiliency (better adaptive functioning).

5. Emotional Intelligence Assessed by the Emotional Quotient Inventory: Youth Version (EQ-i: YV)

   Time frame: baseline (T0)

   Emotional intelligence in adolescents will be assessed using the Emotional Quotient Inventory: Youth Version (EQ-i: YV), a standardized self-report questionnaire designed for youth.

   The EQ-i: YV evaluates emotional and social functioning, including awareness, regulation, and interpersonal skills.

   Scores are reported as standard scores, typically ranging from 40 to 160, where higher scores indicate better emotional intelligence, reflecting a better outcome.

6. Personality Traits Assessed by the PID (Personality Inventory for DSM-5 - Adolescent Version)

   Time frame: baseline (T0)

   Personality traits in adolescents will be assessed using the PID (Personality Inventory for DSM-5 - Adolescent Version), a standardized self-report questionnaire for youth aged 11 to 17 years.

   The PID evaluates a broad range of personality traits and psychopathological features relevant to DSM-5 criteria.

   Scores are reported as T-scores, typically ranging from 0 to 100, where higher scores indicate more pronounced personality traits or pathology, reflecting a worse outcome.

7. Behavioral and Emotional Problems Assessed by the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) - Parent Version

   Time frame: baseline (T0)

   Behavioral and emotional problems in children and adolescents will be assessed using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) - Parent Version, a standardized questionnaire completed by the caregiver (typically the mother).

   The CBCL evaluates a range of internalizing and externalizing problems. Scores are reported as T-scores, typically ranging from 0 to 100, where higher scores indicate more severe behavioral or emotional problems, reflecting a worse outcome.

8. Parent-Rated ADHD and Behavioral Symptoms Assessed by the Conners' Parent Rating Scale (CPRS)

   Time frame: baseline (T0)

   ADHD symptoms and other behavioral problems in children and adolescents will be assessed using the Conners' Parent Rating Scale (CPRS), a standardized questionnaire completed by the parent or caregiver.

   The CPRS provides T-scores across multiple clinical scales, including inattention, hyperactivity/impulsivity, executive functioning, learning problems, aggression, and peer relations.

   Scores typically range from 0 to 100, where higher scores indicate more severe symptoms, reflecting a worse outcome.

9. Social Responsiveness Assessed by the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS)

   Time frame: baseline (T0)

   Measures the presence and severity of autistic spectrum traits and social communication difficulties.

   The questionnaire consists of 65 items, each rated on a 4-point Likert scale (0-3), yielding a total raw score range from 0 to 195.

   Higher scores indicate greater severity of autism-related social impairment (worse outcome).

10. Aberrant Behavior Assessment Using the Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC) - Parent Version

    Time frame: baseline (T0)

    Dysfunctional behaviors in children and adolescents with atypical development will be assessed using the Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC) - Parent Version, a standardized questionnaire completed by the parent or caregiver.

    The ABC evaluates irritability, lethargy/social withdrawal, stereotypic behavior, hyperactivity/noncompliance, and inappropriate speech.

    Scores are reported as total scores and subscale scores, typically ranging from 0 to 158, where higher scores indicate more severe behavioral problems, reflecting a worse outcome.

11. Parent-Reported Strengths and Difficulties Assessed by the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) - Parent Version

    Time frame: Baseline (T0)

    Behavioral strengths and difficulties in children and adolescents will be assessed using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) - Parent Version, a standardized questionnaire completed by the parent or caregiver.

    The SDQ evaluates emotional symptoms, conduct problems, hyperactivity/inattention, peer relationship problems, and prosocial behavior.

    Scores are reported as total difficulties scores and subscale scores, typically ranging from 0 to 40 for the total difficulties score, where higher scores indicate more behavioral difficulties, reflecting a worse outcome.

12. Parent-Reported Developmental Risk Assessed by the Social Dominance Orientation 7 (SDO7) Questionnaire

    Time frame: Baseline (T0)

    Areas of developmental risk or compromise in children and adolescents will be assessed using the Social Dominance Orientation 7 (SDO7), a standardized parent-report questionnaire.

    Scores are typically calculated as a total score, with a range from 0 to 28, where higher scores indicate greater developmental risk or more pronounced compromised areas, reflecting a worse outcome.

13. Parent-Reported Quality of Life Assessed by the WHOQOL-BREF (Parent Version)

    Time frame: Baseline (T0)

    Perceived quality of life in children and adolescents will be assessed using the WHOQOL-BREF - Parent Version, a standardized questionnaire completed by the parent or caregiver.

    The WHOQOL-BREF evaluates physical health, psychological well-being, social relationships, and environment.

    Scores are reported on a 0-100 scale for each domain, where higher scores indicate better perceived quality of life, reflecting a better outcome.

14. Repetitive Behaviors Assessed by the Repetitive Behavior Scale - Revised (RBS-R)

    Time frame: baseline (T0)

    Assesses the frequency and type of repetitive and stereotyped behaviors based on parent report.

    The scale includes 43 items, each rated on a 4-point scale (0 = behavior does not occur; 3 = behavior occurs and is severe), producing a total score range from 0 to 129.

    Higher scores indicate more frequent and severe repetitive behaviors (worse outcome).