Multi-Parametric Assessment of Breast Lymphedema

Breast lymphedema (swelling due to fluid) is a common complication of breast cancer therapy. Limited research has been conducted on the frequency of breast lymphedema with most studies reporting the incidence as ranging from 33 to 48%. Women with breast lymphedema describe breast fullness, heaviness and pain associated with breast swelling and changes that impacts how the breast looks (cosmesis) and also impacts their quality of life.

At present, no objective and standardized tools exist to evaluate breast lymphedema and correlate it with tissue fluid and fibrosis, and their relationships to local symptoms, cosmesis and quality of life.

The goal of the study is to assess and compare photographic, ultrasound and the breast composition in newly diagnosed breast lymphedema, and to assess the use of breast massage to manage breast lymphedema. Developing non-invasive image-based methods may enable researchers to map the extent of lymphedema, monitor its progression and evaluate therapies. This may allow for improved quantitate measures to be undertaken to better assess future strategies intended to prevent or improve the management of this treatment complication.

Patients participating in this study will have ultrasound scans before and after the massage. They will also be asked to complete a questionnaire.

Inclusion criteria

• At least 18 y/o
• Diagnosis of lymphedema involving the breast
• Diagnosis of in-situ or invasive breast cancer
• Female patients following breast conserving therapy and radiotherapy
• Spoken and written fluency in English; and
• Able to provide informed consent

Exclusion criteria

• Pacemaker or implanted stimulator or other contraindication to bioimpedance analysis
• Prior breast surgery on the contra lateral breast
• Presence of active cellulitis within the breast, trunk or arm and
• Presence of active cancer