National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University
Taipei, Taiwan, 112
Location status: Recruiting
Recruiting
NCT Number: NCT07446283
Motion and EMG Analysis of the Forehand Topspin, Forehand Stroke, and Forehand Attack in Elite Table Tennis Players
This research will analyze and compare the muscle activation levels, muscle recruitment timing, trunk kinematics, and shoulder joint kinematics between the four forehand strokes and between elite table tennis players with and without shoulder injuries, providing insights for daily training and rehabilitation programs to reduce the occurrence of sports injuries.
Recruiting
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Conditions
Age range
13 year–40 year
Sex eligibility
All sexes
Study type
Observational
Primary location
About this study
The study participants will be elite table tennis players aged between 13 and 40. Participants must have competed in the Chinese Taipei Table Tennis Ranking Tournament or the National Table Tennis Championships within the past three years and have at least four years of table tennis experience, and train for more than 10 hours per week.
The study involves four types of forehand strokes: forehand topspin against topspin, forehand topspin against backspin, forehand stroke, and forehand attack.
Who can participate
Healthy volunteers accepted: Yes
Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.
Inclusion criteria
- The ages range from 13 to 40 years old
- Competed in the Chinese Taipei Table Tennis Ranking Tournament or the National Table Tennis Championships within the past three years
- At least four years of table tennis experience, and train for more than 10 hours per week
Exclusion criteria
- History of upper limb surgery or fracture
- History of shoulder dislocation
- History of spine injury in the last year
- Systemic autoimmune disease or cancer
- Pregnancy
- Any neurological complications
Treatment and study plan
motion capture system, surface electromyography
Deviceforehand topspin against topspin, forehand topspin against backspin, forehand stroke, and forehand attack
Primary outcomes
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Trunk muscles activation during forehand topspin against topspin, forehand topspin against backspin, forehand stroke, and forehand attack
Time frame: Immediately during the experiment
The root mean square of electromyography (EMG) data of bilateral erector spinae and bilateral abdominal external oblique will be normalized by the maximum voluntary contraction amplitude (percentage of maximal voluntary contraction, %)
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Trunk kinematics during forehand topspin against topspin, forehand topspin against backspin, forehand stroke, and forehand attack
Time frame: Immediately during the experiment
Trunk kinematics, including flexion, extension, lateral flexion and rotation, were measured in degrees (°) across four conditions: forehand topspin against topspin, forehand topspin against backspin, forehand stroke, and forehand attack.
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Upper limbs muscles activation during forehand topspin against topspin, forehand topspin against backspin, forehand stroke, and forehand attack
Time frame: Immediately during the experiment
The root mean square of electromyography (EMG) data of the biceps brachii, triceps brachii, anterior deltoid, and pectoralis Major will be normalized by the maximum voluntary contraction amplitude (percentage of maximal voluntary contraction, %) and calculated over forehand topspin against topspin, forehand topspin against backspin, forehand stroke, and forehand attack.
Secondary outcomes
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Trunk mobility
Time frame: Immediately during the experiment
Range of motion of the thoracolumbar spine, described with degrees (°).
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Shoulder mobility
Time frame: Immediately during the experiment
Range of motion of the glenohumeral joint, described with degrees (°).
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Shoulder motor control
Time frame: Immediately during the experiment
A clinical assessment of movement quality during shoulder flexion, abduction, external rotation, and internal rotation
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Trunk motor control
Time frame: Immediately during the experiment
A clinical assessment of movement quality during trunk rotation
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Shoulder kinematics during forehand topspin against topspin, forehand topspin against backspin, forehand stroke, and forehand attack
Time frame: Immediately during the experiment
Shoulder kinematics, including flexion, abduction, horizontal adduction and horizontal adduction, were measured in degrees (°) across four conditions: forehand topspin against topspin, forehand topspin against backspin, forehand stroke, and forehand attack.
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Trunk muscle strength
Time frame: Immediately during the experiment
Isometric muscle strength of the erector spinae and external oblique abdominal muscles will be evaluated using a hand-held dynamometer (MicroFET2). Data will be expressed in newton (N).
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Shoulder muscle strength
Time frame: Immediately during the experiment
Isometric muscle strength of the biceps brachii, triceps brachii, anterior deltoid and pectoralis major muscles will be evaluated using a hand-held dynamometer (MicroFET2). Data will be expressed in newton (N).
Study contacts
Contact information is provided by the study sponsor or research team.
Sponsors and collaborators
Lead sponsor
National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University
Other
Registry information
Official study title
Motion and Electromyographic Analysis of the Forehand Topspin Against Topspin, Forehand Topspin Against Backspin, Forehand Stroke, and Forehand Attack in Elite Table Tennis Players
Important dates
- Study start
- 2026
- Primary completion
- 2026
- Study completion
- 2026
- First posted
- Mar 3, 2026
- Registry last updated
- Apr 3, 2026
OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.
View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.