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NCT Number: NCT07369557

Mindfulness Training During Accelerated TMS for Depression

This NIH-funded single-arm pilot tests the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effects of embedding brief guided mindfulness practice (via the Waking Up smartphone app) into the inter-session intervals of clinically administered accelerated intermittent theta-burst stimulation (aiTBS) for major depressive disorder (MDD). Participants receive aiTBS as standard clinical care at MUSC; the research intervention is daily guided mindfulness practice during the aiTBS course. Outcomes include feasibility/acceptability, changes in state mindfulness and hedonic tone (Day 0 to Day 5), perceived ease of meditation, trait mindfulness at 4 and 12 weeks, and durability of antidepressant response (PHQ-9) at 4 and 12 weeks.

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Key information

Age range

18 year–80 year

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Primary location

IOP, Charleston, South Carolina, United States

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Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: No

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Clinical diagnosis of MDD and eligible for aiTBS at MUSC
  • Already enrolled in aiTBS course at MUSC
  • English proficiency
  • Smartphone or willingness to use study-provided device

Exclusion criteria

  • TMS contraindications (e.g., seizure history, implants, pregnancy)
  • Concurrent neuromodulation (ECT, VNS)
  • Psychotic disorder, bipolar disorder, active substance use disorder, high suicide risk
  • Unable/unwilling to engage in mindfulness or complete questionnaires

Treatment and study plan

Guided Mindfulness Practice using a study created web app that links to the commercially available Waking Up app

Behavioral

5-15 minutes of mindfulness exercises during aiTBS inter-session intervals (9 total per day) for five consecutive treatment days; optional additional practices allowed. App analytics (with permission) and self-reports quantify engagement.

Primary outcomes

  1. Feasibility of Guided Mindfulness Practice During aiTBS (Adherence Rate)

    Time frame: Day 0 to Day 5

    Proportion of participants who complete all mandatory guided practice on each of the five aiTBS treatment days. Calculated as: number completing all five days ÷ total enrolled. Higher values indicate better feasibility.

  2. Tolerability of Guided Mindfulness Practice During aiTBS (Adverse Events)

    Time frame: Day 0 to Day 5

    Number and severity of meditation-related adverse events recorded via participant report and study staff observation. Higher values indicate worse tolerability.

Secondary outcomes

  1. Change in State Mindfulness (Toronto Mindfulness Scale Total Score)

    Time frame: Day 0 to Day 5

    Change in Toronto Mindfulness Scale (TMS) total score from baseline to Day 5. Higher scores indicate greater state mindfulness.

  2. Change in Hedonic Tone (Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale Total Score)

    Time frame: Day 0 to Day 5

    Change in Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHAPS) total score from baseline to Day 5. Lower scores indicate improved hedonic tone.

  3. Change in Perceived Ease of Meditation (0-10 Rating)

    Time frame: Day 0 to Day 5

    Change in meditation ease rating on a 0-10 numeric scale (0 = not at all easy; 10 = extremely easy). Higher scores indicate greater perceived ease.

  4. Change in Trait Mindfulness (CAMS-R Total Score)

    Time frame: Baseline to Week 12 (with Week-4 assessment)

    Change in Cognitive and Affective Mindfulness Scale-Revised (CAMS-R) total score from baseline to Week 12. Higher scores indicate greater trait mindfulness.

  5. Durability of Antidepressant Response (Percent Change in PHQ-9)

    Time frame: Baseline to Week 4

    Percent change in PHQ-9 total score from baseline to Week 4. Lower scores indicate improvement

  6. Meditation Engagement (App Analytics and Self-Report)

    Time frame: Day 0 to Week 12

    Engagement with the Waking Up app measured by total minutes practiced, number of Foundations completed, and cumulative meditation minutes. Higher values indicate greater engagement.

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Medical University of South Carolina

Other

Collaborators

  • National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
  • University of Wisconsin, Madison

Registry information

Official study title

MB-TBS: Mindfulness-Based Theta-Burst Stimulation-A Pilot Study Integrating Mindfulness Training Into Accelerated Neuromodulation Therapy for Depression

Important dates

Study start
2026
Primary completion
2026
Study completion
2026
First posted
Jan 27, 2026
Registry last updated
Jun 17, 2026

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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