Mindfulness Intervention for Early Childhood Educators

Measures attention regulation, awareness, acceptance, and mindful focus on the present. The scale comprises 12 items rated on a 5-point scale. Scores on this scale range from 12-60, with higher scores indicating greater levels of mindfulness.

Measures the tendency to treat oneself with compassion, mindfulness and feelings of isolation. The scale comprises 12 items, with scores ranging from 12-60. Higher scores indicate greater levels of self-compassion.

Measures the tendency to engage in cognitive reappraisal or suppression of negative emotions. The reappraisal scale comprises 6 items with scores ranging from 6-42. the suppression scale comprises 4 items with scores ranging from 4-28. Higher levels of reappraisal and lower levels of suppression are associated with better emotion regulation.

Measures emotional awareness, clarity and strategy use, and impulse control. The scale comprises 36 items rated on a 5-point scale, with total scores ranging from 36-180. Higher scores indicate higher levels of difficulty regulating emotions.

Computerized task administered online that measures the ability to override attentional interference from emotion. A greater difference in the reaction times for emotional vs. neutral trials indicates greater in difficulty in over-riding attentional interference from emotion.

Computerized task administered online that measures the ability to override attentional interference from emotion. Longer reaction times during incongruent emotional trials relative to neutral emotional trials indicate greater difficulty resisting attentional interference from emotion.

A Rasch-validated questionnaire that captures feelings of happiness, social wellbeing and quality of life. Scores range from 14-70, with higher scores indicating higher levels of wellbeing.

A questionnaire that evaluates workplace satisfaction and supports and workload manageability. Scores range from 5-25, with higher scores indicating more negative workplace perceptions.

Taken from the Child Care Worker Job Stress Inventory, this questionnaire will provide a more detailed assessment of stress related to parent interactions and challenging child behavior. The scale comprises 16 items rated on a scale from 1-5. Total scores range from 16-80, with higher scores indicative of greater stress.

This questionnaire measures the balance of effort relative to reward that people feel they are putting into their work. The effort-reward imbalance ratio is calculated as the effort score, which ranges from 5-25, divided by the reward score (ranging from 11-55) multiplied by a correction factor. The minimum score is 0 and values above 1 are less favorable and indicate a high level of effort relative to workplace reward.

Measure of the reactivity of the hypothalamic pituitary-adrenal axis. Saliva will be collected by passive drool in the morning and in the afternoon for two consecutive days.

Teachers will wear an 'Actiheart' device to measure cardiac inter-beat intervals and motion for three consecutive days in the classroom. Root mean square of successive differences will be calculated as a measure of heart rate variability.

Teacher behavior will be observed and coded using the Emotional Support scale from the Classroom Assessment Scoring System. The primary outcome is the Emotional Support scale, which centers on the teachers' capacity to create a sensitive and positive emotional climate in the classroom. Scores range from 0 to 7, with scores of 7 indicating higher levels emotional support.

This measure will be administered through 'Zoom.' Children are instructed to respond to directions from one puppet, but to inhibit their behavioral responses to another puppet. Scores range from 0-100, with higher scores indicating higher levels of self-regulation.

This questionnaire measure will be completed by parent or legal guardians to assess children's self-regulation of emotion and behavior in everyday settings. The total score is rated on a t-score metric, with higher scores reflecting higher levels of difficulty in executive function.