Mindful Movement for Physical Activity and Wellbeing in Older Adults- A Hybrid Effectiveness-Implementation Study

Minutes/week spent in ≥10-min bouts of MVPA

Minutes/week spent in ≥10-min bouts of MVPA

Minutes/week spent in ≥10-min bouts of MVPA

Minutes/week spent in ≥10-min bouts of MVPA

Minutes/week spent in MVPA

Minutes/week spent in MVPA

Minutes/week spent in MVPA

Minutes/week spent in MVPA

Time spent in sedentary activity

Time spent in sedentary activity

Time spent in sedentary activity

Time spent in sedentary activity

Average steps/day over one week

Average steps/day over one week

Average steps/day over one week

Average steps/day over one week

The EQ5D captures five dimensions of health (mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression) over 5 levels (no problem, slight problem, moderate problem, severe problem, unable to perform/extreme problem). The scale for the EQ5D ranges from -0.109 to 1, with higher scores indicating higher quality of life.

The EQ5D captures five dimensions of health (mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression) over 5 levels (no problem, slight problem, moderate problem, severe problem, unable to perform/extreme problem). The scale for the EQ5D ranges from -0.109 to 1, with higher scores indicating higher quality of life.

The EQ5D captures five dimensions of health (mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression) over 5 levels (no problem, slight problem, moderate problem, severe problem, unable to perform/extreme problem). The scale for the EQ5D ranges from -0.109 to 1, with higher scores indicating higher quality of life.

The EQ5D captures five dimensions of health (mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression) over 5 levels (no problem, slight problem, moderate problem, severe problem, unable to perform/extreme problem). The scale for the EQ5D ranges from -0.109 to 1, with higher scores indicating higher quality of life.

The EuroQol VAS records the patient's self-rated health on a vertical visual analogue scale, where the endpoints are labelled 'The best health you can imagine' and 'The worst health you can imagine'. The VAS can be used as a quantitative measure of health outcome that reflect the patient's own judgement. Results are on a 0 to 100 scale with higher scores indicating better self-rated health.

The EuroQol VAS records the patient's self-rated health on a vertical visual analogue scale, where the endpoints are labelled 'The best health you can imagine' and 'The worst health you can imagine'. The VAS can be used as a quantitative measure of health outcome that reflect the patient's own judgement. Results are on a 0 to 100 scale with higher scores indicating better self-rated health.

The EuroQol VAS records the patient's self-rated health on a vertical visual analogue scale, where the endpoints are labelled 'The best health you can imagine' and 'The worst health you can imagine'. The VAS can be used as a quantitative measure of health outcome that reflect the patient's own judgement. Results are on a 0 to 100 scale with higher scores indicating better self-rated health.

The EuroQol VAS records the patient's self-rated health on a vertical visual analogue scale, where the endpoints are labelled 'The best health you can imagine' and 'The worst health you can imagine'. The VAS can be used as a quantitative measure of health outcome that reflect the patient's own judgement. Results are on a 0 to 100 scale with higher scores indicating better self-rated health.

Individuals are asked to rate their confidence in their ability to exercise. Confidence ratings range from 0 (not confident) to 10 (very confident). The average of all responses is used for a total score ranging from 0 to 10. Higher scores indicate higher exercise self-efficacy.

Individuals are asked to rate their confidence in their ability to exercise. Confidence ratings range from 0 (not confident) to 10 (very confident). The average of all responses is used for a total score ranging from 0 to 10. Higher scores indicate higher exercise self-efficacy.

Individuals are asked to rate their confidence in their ability to exercise. Confidence ratings range from 0 (not confident) to 10 (very confident). The average of all responses is used for a total score ranging from 0 to 10. Higher scores indicate higher exercise self-efficacy.

Individuals are asked to rate their confidence in their ability to exercise. Confidence ratings range from 0 (not confident) to 10 (very confident). The average of all responses is used for a total score ranging from 0 to 10. Higher scores indicate higher exercise self-efficacy.

This is a 13-item instrument focused on beliefs about the positive and negative physical and mental health benefits of exercise. The OEE-2 includes positive and negative outcome expectations sub-scales. Responses range from 1 (strongly agree) to 5 (strongly disagree) and are averaged with final scores ranging from 1 to 5. Lower scores indicate stronger exercise expectations.

This is a 13-item instrument focused on beliefs about the positive and negative physical and mental health benefits of exercise. The OEE-2 includes positive and negative outcome expectations sub-scales. Responses range from 1 (strongly agree) to 5 (strongly disagree) and are averaged with final scores ranging from 1 to 5. Lower scores indicate stronger exercise expectations.

This is a 13-item instrument focused on beliefs about the positive and negative physical and mental health benefits of exercise. The OEE-2 includes positive and negative outcome expectations sub-scales. Responses range from 1 (strongly agree) to 5 (strongly disagree) and are averaged with final scores ranging from 1 to 5. Lower scores indicate stronger exercise expectations.

This is a 13-item instrument focused on beliefs about the positive and negative physical and mental health benefits of exercise. The OEE-2 includes positive and negative outcome expectations sub-scales. Responses range from 1 (strongly agree) to 5 (strongly disagree) and are averaged with final scores ranging from 1 to 5. Lower scores indicate stronger exercise expectations.

This is a 13-item instrument focused on beliefs about the positive and negative physical and mental health benefits of exercise. The OEE-2 includes positive and negative outcome expectations sub-scales. Responses range from 1 (strongly agree) to 5 (strongly disagree) and are averaged with final scores ranging from 1 to 5. Lower scores indicate stronger exercise expectations.

This is a 13-item instrument focused on beliefs about the positive and negative physical and mental health benefits of exercise. The OEE-2 includes positive and negative outcome expectations sub-scales. Responses range from 1 (strongly agree) to 5 (strongly disagree) and are averaged with final scores ranging from 1 to 5. Lower scores indicate stronger exercise expectations.

This is a 13-item instrument focused on beliefs about the positive and negative physical and mental health benefits of exercise. The OEE-2 includes positive and negative outcome expectations sub-scales. Responses range from 1 (strongly agree) to 5 (strongly disagree) and are averaged with final scores ranging from 1 to 5. Lower scores indicate stronger exercise expectations.

This is a 13-item instrument focused on beliefs about the positive and negative physical and mental health benefits of exercise. The OEE-2 includes positive and negative outcome expectations sub-scales. Responses range from 1 (strongly agree) to 5 (strongly disagree) and are averaged with final scores ranging from 1 to 5. Lower scores indicate stronger exercise expectations.

The MAAS scale is comprised of 15 items measured on a 6-point scale (1=almost always, 6=almost never). Responses to individual items are averaged for a total scale ranging from 1 to 6. Higher scores indicate stronger dispositional mindfulness.

The MAAS scale is comprised of 15 items measured on a 6-point scale (1=almost always, 6=almost never). Responses to individual items are averaged for a total scale ranging from 1 to 6. Higher scores indicate stronger dispositional mindfulness.

The MAAS scale is comprised of 15 items measured on a 6-point scale (1=almost always, 6=almost never). Responses to individual items are averaged for a total scale ranging from 1 to 6. Higher scores indicate stronger dispositional mindfulness.

The MAAS scale is comprised of 15 items measured on a 6-point scale (1=almost always, 6=almost never). Responses to individual items are averaged for a total scale ranging from 1 to 6. Higher scores indicate stronger dispositional mindfulness.

The FMI addresses 14 items with a four-point response scale (1=rarely, 4=almost always). Items are summed scores ranging from 14 to 56. Higher scores indicate more mindfulness.

The FMI addresses 14 items with a four-point response scale (1=rarely, 4=almost always). Items are summed scores ranging from 14 to 56. Higher scores indicate more mindfulness.

The FMI addresses 14 items with a four-point response scale (1=rarely, 4=almost always). Items are summed scores ranging from 14 to 56. Higher scores indicate more mindfulness.

The FMI addresses 14 items with a four-point response scale (1=rarely, 4=almost always). Items are summed scores ranging from 14 to 56. Higher scores indicate more mindfulness.

This 8 item scale assesses perceived success in relationships, self-esteem, and purpose. Responses are 7=Strongly Agree to 1=Strongly Disagree. The total score ranges from 8 to 56. Higher scores indicate better perceived wellbeing.

This 8 item scale assesses perceived success in relationships, self-esteem, and purpose. Responses are 7=Strongly Agree to 1=Strongly Disagree. The total score ranges from 8 to 56. Higher scores indicate better perceived wellbeing.

This 8 item scale assesses perceived success in relationships, self-esteem, and purpose. Responses are 7=Strongly Agree to 1=Strongly Disagree. The total score ranges from 8 to 56. Higher scores indicate better perceived wellbeing.

This 8 item scale assesses perceived success in relationships, self-esteem, and purpose. Responses are 7=Strongly Agree to 1=Strongly Disagree. The total score ranges from 8 to 56. Higher scores indicate better perceived wellbeing.

Eight-item questionnaire with responses ranging from 1=strongly agree to 6=strongly disagree. Items are summed with the total scale ranging from 8 to 48. Higher scores indicates more social connectedness.

Eight-item questionnaire with responses ranging from 1=strongly agree to 6=strongly disagree. Items are summed with the total scale ranging from 8 to 48. Higher scores indicates more social connectedness.

Eight-item questionnaire with responses ranging from 1=strongly agree to 6=strongly disagree. Items are summed with the total scale ranging from 8 to 48. Higher scores indicates more social connectedness.

Eight-item questionnaire with responses ranging from 1=strongly agree to 6=strongly disagree. Items are summed with the total scale ranging from 8 to 48. Higher scores indicates more social connectedness.

Eight-item questionnaire with responses ranging from 1=strongly agree to 6=strongly disagree. Items are summed with the total scale ranging from 8 to 48. Higher scores indicates more social assuredness or confidence.

Eight-item questionnaire with responses ranging from 1=strongly agree to 6=strongly disagree. Items are summed with the total scale ranging from 8 to 48. Higher scores indicates more social assuredness or confidence.

Eight-item questionnaire with responses ranging from 1=strongly agree to 6=strongly disagree. Items are summed with the total scale ranging from 8 to 48. Higher scores indicates more social assuredness or confidence.

Eight-item questionnaire with responses ranging from 1=strongly agree to 6=strongly disagree. Items are summed with the total scale ranging from 8 to 48. Higher scores indicates more social assuredness or confidence.

Self-reported MVPA in bouts of 10 minutes or higher was measured using questions adapted from the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The IPAQ is a nine-item instrument addressing days/week and minutes/day spent on physical activity in the past 7 days.

Self-reported MVPA in bouts of 10 minutes or higher was measured using questions adapted from the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The IPAQ is a nine-item instrument addressing days/week and minutes/day spent on physical activity in the past 7 days.

Self-reported MVPA in bouts of 10 minutes or higher was measured using questions adapted from the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The IPAQ is a nine-item instrument addressing days/week and minutes/day spent on physical activity in the past 7 days.

Self-reported MVPA in bouts of 10 minutes or higher was measured using questions adapted from the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The IPAQ is a nine-item instrument addressing days/week and minutes/day spent on physical activity in the past 7 days.

Participants will rate their overall satisfaction with the intervention on 7 point scale (7=completely satisfied, 1= completely dissatisfied).

Participants will rate their overall satisfaction with the intervention on 7 point scale (7=completely satisfied, 1= completely dissatisfied).

Participants will rate their overall satisfaction with the intervention on 7 point scale (7=completely satisfied, 1= completely dissatisfied).

Participants will report the number of days per week they were able to practice skills taught in the program

Participants will report the number of days per week they were able to practice skills taught in the program

Participants will report the number of days per week they were able to practice skills taught in the program

An 11-box numerical rating scale (0=no pain, 10 = worst pain possible) for average back, neck, upper extremity, and lower extremity pain in the past week. The highest score for the assessed body regions was used for analysis.

An 11-box numerical rating scale (0=no pain, 10 = worst pain possible) for average back, neck, upper extremity, and lower extremity pain in the past week. The highest score for the assessed body regions was used for analysis.

An 11-box numerical rating scale (0=no pain, 10 = worst pain possible) for average back, neck, upper extremity, and lower extremity pain in the past week. The highest score for the assessed body regions was used for analysis.

An 11-box numerical rating scale (0=no pain, 10 = worst pain possible) for average back, neck, upper extremity, and lower extremity pain in the past week. The highest score for the assessed body regions was used for analysis.

Participant views of the remote intervention platform (Zoom video-conferencing system) were assessed using the Telehealth Usability Questionnaire (TUQ). The TUQ assesses usability with 21 questions rated on a 1 to 7 scale. The overall score is an average of all items with higher scores indicating higher usability of the telehealth system.

Question from the WAI bond sub-scale asking participants how often they felt uncomfortable with the facilitators. Responses were recorded on a 1 to 7 scale with 1= Never and 7 = Always. A lower score indicates a higher bond with the facilitator.

Question from the WAI bond sub-scale asking participants how often they felt uncomfortable with certain participants in the group. Responses were recorded on a 1 to 7 scale with 1= Never and 7 = Always. A lower score indicates a higher bond with the group.

Question from the WAI task sub-scale asking participants how often they felt confused by what they were being asked to do in the sessions. Responses were recorded on a 1 to 7 scale with 1= Never and 7 = Always. A lower score indicates a higher task alliance with the facilitator.

Question from the WAI bond sub-scale asking participants how often they felt the facilitators liked them. Responses were recorded on a 1 to 7 scale with 1= Never and 7 = Always. A higher score indicates a higher bond with the facilitator.

Question from the WAI bond sub-scale asking participants how often they felt the facilitators were genuinely concerned for their welfare. Responses were recorded on a 1 to 7 scale with 1= Never and 7 = Always. A higher score indicates a higher bond with the facilitator.

Question from the WAI bond sub-scale asking participants how often they felt the facilitators respected them. Responses were recorded on a 1 to 7 scale with 1= Never and 7 = Always. A higher score indicates a higher bond with the facilitator.

Question from the WAI bond sub-scale asking participants how often they felt the facilitators appreciated them. Responses were recorded on a 1 to 7 scale with 1= Never and 7 = Always. A higher score indicates a higher bond with the facilitator.

Question from the WAI bond sub-scale asking participants how often they felt confident the facilitators could help them if needed. Responses were recorded on a 1 to 7 scale with 1= Never and 7 = Always. A higher score indicates a higher bond with the facilitator.

Question from the WAI bond sub-scale asking participants how often they felt their relationship with the facilitators was very important to them. Responses were recorded on a 1 to 7 scale with 1= Never and 7 = Always. A higher score indicates a higher bond with the facilitator.

Impact of COVID-19 on physical activity was assessed on a 5-item scale (1= substantially less physically active to 5 = substantially more physically active). The number of participants with reduced physical activity due to COVID-19 is reported.

Impact of COVID-19 on physical activity was assessed on a 5-item scale (1= substantially less physically active to 5 = substantially more physically active). The number of participants with reduced physical activity due to COVID-19 is reported.

Impact of COVID-19 on physical activity was assessed on a 5-item scale (1= substantially less physically active to 5 = substantially more physically active). The number of participants with reduced physical activity due to COVID-19 is reported.

Impact of COVID-19 on physical activity was assessed on a 5-item scale (1= substantially less physically active to 5 = substantially more physically active). The number of participants with reduced physical activity due to COVID-19 is reported.

The number of participants completing qualitative, open ended assessments exploring dislikes and barriers to participation in the intervention.

The number of participants completing qualitative, open ended assessment exploring likes and facilitators to participation in the intervention.