Micro-Ultrasound/Magnetic Resonance Imaging 001

Evidence from a large randomized clinical trial (clinical trials.gov ID NCT02079025), suggests that micro-ultrasound system is more sensitive than conventional transrectal-ultrasound (TRUS) to detect prostate cancer (PCa). the PRI-MUS (prostate risk identification using micro-ultrasound) scoring system was developed and validated to assess the risk of prostate cancer for targeted biopsy with the micro-ultrasound platform, similar to the PIRADS scoring system for suspicious areas on mpMRI. This project will compare micro-ultrasound imaging modality to the current gold-standard imaging for prostate cancer, mpMRI. By applying both modalities to the same patients, the investigators will provide a direct comparison of their screening abilities in terms of sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value and positive predictive value. It will build evidence to demonstrate that micro-ultrasound may replace MRI/Fusion biopsy in these patients.This project aims to demonstrate that the micro-ultrasound 1) provides more sensitive initial biopsy, reducing the need for repeated procedures, thus lowering the rate of severe sepsis and the number of cancers found after local or regional progression, and 2) reduces the need for mpMRI following initial biopsy.

Inclusion criteria

• Men with indication for a prostate biopsy will be offered inclusion in the study. Indications for biopsy include clinical suspicion of prostate cancer due to elevated PSA or abnormal digital rectal exam (DRE)

Exclusion criteria

• Patients with history of prostate cancer
• Patients with prior prostate biopsies
• Patients who are unwilling or unable to give informed consent
• Patients with contraindication to MRI (i.e. pacemaker, hip prosthesis, severe claustrophobia, brain aneurysm clip, allergy to MRI contrast agent)