Methylprednisolone With Endovascular Thrombectomy for Large Ischemic Stroke

MATCH is a multicentered, prospective, randomized, controlled trial. A total of 1614 patients (age ≥18 years) with NIHSS ≥6 and pre-stroke modified Rankin Scale (mRS) 0-2, within 24 hours of symptom onset of acute ischemic stroke, who has the imaging evidence of an occlusion of the intracranial internal carotid artery (ICA) and/or M1/M2 segment of middle cerebral artery (MCA), large infarct core [defined as: 1) NCCT (non-contrast computed tomography) ASPECTS (Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score) 0-5, decided on last head CT scan before randomization. Or 2) Ischemic core volume ≥70ml, determined either on a diffusion-weighted MRI map based on an ADC (Apparent Diffusion Coefficient) threshold of less than 620 or on CTP (computed tomography perfusion) image with rCBF<30%] will be enrolled. Patients fulfilling all of the inclusion criteria and none of the exclusion criteria will be randomized 1:1 into two groups after offering informed content. One group will receive methylprednisolone plus EVT, the other group will receive methylprednisolone simulant plus EVT. The primary objective is to evaluate the efficacy of methylprednisolone with EVT in patients presenting with symptoms of acute ischemic stroke from LVO in the anterior circulation and having a large infarct volume. The study consists of four visits including the day of randomization, 36 hours after randomization, 7 days or discharge, and 90 days. The primary outcome is a shift in the distribution of scores on the mRS at 90 days. All the related investigative organization and individuals will obey the Declaration of Helsinki and Chinese Good Clinical Practice standard. A Data and Safety Monitoring Board (DSMB) will regularly monitor safety during the study. The trial has been approved by Institutional Review Board (IRB) and Ethics Committee (EC) in Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital.

Inclusion criteria

• 1. Age ≥18 years;
• 2. Clinically diagnosed with acute ischemic stroke and NIHSS ≥6;
• 3. CT angiography (CTA), MR angiography (MRA) or digital subtraction angiography (DSA) confirmed occlusion of intracranial internal carotid artery (ICA) or M1/M2 segments of middle cerebral artery (MCA) and plan to undergo EVT;
• 4. ASPECTS ≤5 (based on NCCT) or infarct core volume ≥70mL (defined as rCBF <30% on CT perfusion or ADC <620 on MRI);
• 5. Time from symptom onset to randomization within 24 hours (from last known well);
• 6. Pre-stroke mRS score 0-2;
• 7. Written informed consent signed by patients or their family members.

Exclusion criteria

• 1. Intracranial hemorrhage confirmed by CT or MRI;
• 2. Allergic to glucocorticoids or placebo components;
• 3. Allergic to contrast agent;
• 4. Presence of severe infectious disease unsuitable for glucocorticoid therapy or any other contraindication to glucocorticoid use;
• 5. Known genetic or acquired coagulopathy, coagulation factor deficiency, use of warfarin with an international normalized ratio (INR) >1.7, or use of novel oral anticoagulants within 48 hours of symptom onset;
• 6. Platelet count <90×10^9/L;
• 7. Random blood glucose <2.8 mmol/L or >22.2 mmol/L;
• 8. History of gastrointestinal or urinary tract bleeding within the last month;
• 9. Current participation in another interventional clinical study;
• 10. Pregnant or lactating women;
• 11. Renal dysfunction (glomerular filtration rate <30 ml/min or serum creatinine >220 μmol/L [2.5 mg/dl]);
• 12. Uncontrolled hypertension with persistent systolic blood pressure >185 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure >110 mmHg, refractory to medical management;
• 13. Life expectancy less than 6 months due to malignancy or severe cardiopulmonary disease;
• 14. Other conditions deemed unsuitable for the study by the investigator, such as inability to comprehend or comply with study procedures or follow-up due to mental illness, cognitive or emotional disorder.