Measuring Pharyngeal Muscle Improvements Following Behavioral Swallowing Exercises

The natural next step in this program of research is to investigate interventions for reversing pharyngeal sarcopenia with the ultimate goal of developing novel therapeutic strategies to address this pervasive clinical issue. The exercise science literature suggests that sarcopenia in the limb muscles can be reversed through a combination of rigorous exercise and adequate levels of dietary protein. The innovative multi-disciplinary protocol, PEPP (Pharyngeal Exercises Plus Protein), combines pharyngeal swallowing exercises selected for their known activation of the pharyngeal muscles with daily supplemental protein drinks. The research lab had documented successful improvements to swallowing physiology and pharyngeal sarcopenia in a pilot series of 5 older women using PEPP. However the research was abruptly halted due to both ethical and feasibility challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic. In response to these challenges, this study is seeking to establish the feasibility and effectiveness when the PEPP intervention is delivered using telehealth (telePEPP).

Inclusion criteria

• Age 65 and older
• SARC-F score of ≥4
• Functional hearing and vision status
• Access to reliable internet connection
• Availability of caregiver/family support and/or comfort with independent technology usage

Exclusion criteria

• Known structural or neurological causes of dysphagia
• Not suitable to consume high levels of protein supplementation (i.e. moderate to severe kidney dysfunction)