Mandala Colouring On Anxiety, Depression, Pain And Quality of Life

Primary outcomes

1. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)

   Time frame: 1. week

   The patients were asked to mark their level of pain during relaxation or activities on a 10 cm vertical or horizontal line. In addition, there were forms which were numbered from 1-10 or from 1-100. The number 0 is found at the beginning of the line, and the number 10 is located at the end of the line. A value of 0 shows that there is no pain, and the value 10 expresses unendurable pain. GAS is a common scale in the assessment of pain level. A patient is asked to mark the perceived pain on this line, and the marked point is measured in cm

2. Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)

   Time frame: 3. week

   The patients were asked to mark their level of pain during relaxation or activities on a 10 cm vertical or horizontal line. In addition, there were forms which were numbered from 1-10 or from 1-100. The number 0 is found at the beginning of the line, and the number 10 is located at the end of the line. A value of 0 shows that there is no pain, and the value 10 expresses unendurable pain. GAS is a common scale in the assessment of pain level. A patient is asked to mark the perceived pain on this line, and the marked point is measured in cm

3. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD)

   Time frame: 1. week

   The scale was designed to screen anxiety and depression mood states in the population with physical illness in a short time. The HAD scale consists of 2 subscales and 14 items scored between 0-3 as a 4-point Likert-type scale. The anxiety subscale includes items 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 and 13 and is scored between 0-21, the depression subscale includes items 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 and is scored between 0-21. The scoring of items 1, 3, 5, 6, 8, 10, 11 and 13 is 3,2,1,0, while the scoring of items 2, 4, 7, 9, 12 and 14 is 0,1,2,3. A score above 7 in the depression subscale is compatible with depression, while a score above 10 in the anxiety subscale is compatible with anxiety.

4. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD)

   Time frame: 3. week

   The scale was designed to screen anxiety and depression mood states in the population with physical illness in a short time. The HAD scale consists of 2 subscales and 14 items scored between 0-3 as a 4-point Likert-type scale. The anxiety subscale includes items 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 and 13 and is scored between 0-21, the depression subscale includes items 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 and is scored between 0-21. The scoring of items 1, 3, 5, 6, 8, 10, 11 and 13 is 3,2,1,0, while the scoring of items 2, 4, 7, 9, 12 and 14 is 0,1,2,3. A score above 7 in the depression subscale is compatible with depression, while a score above 10 in the anxiety subscale is compatible with anxiety.

5. Kidney Disease Quality of Life Form (KDQOL-36)

   Time frame: 1. week

   The first part of the KDQOL-36 (items 1-12) includes the medical outcomes study short form 12 health survey (SF-12) as a generic core. It includes questions about general health, activity limits, ability to accomplish desired tasks, depression and anxiety, energy level, and social activities. These 12 items make up the physical component summary (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS) scales. Some items contribute most to the PCS scale (items 1-5 and 8), whereas other items contribute most to the MCS scale (items 6, 7, and 9-12). The second part (items 13-16) constitutes burden of kidney disease subscale. It includes questions about how much kidney disease interferes with daily life, takes up time, causes frustration, or makes the respondent feel like a burden. The third part (items 17-28) covers symptoms and problem list subscale. It includes questions about how bothered a respondent feels by sore muscles, chest pain, cramps, itchy or dry skin, shortness of breath, faintness, lack o

6. Kidney Disease Quality of Life Form (KDQOL-36)

   Time frame: 3. week

   The first part of the KDQOL-36 (items 1-12) includes the medical outcomes study short form 12 health survey (SF-12) as a generic core. It includes questions about general health, activity limits, ability to accomplish desired tasks, depression and anxiety, energy level, and social activities. These 12 items make up the physical component summary (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS) scales. Some items contribute most to the PCS scale (items 1-5 and 8), whereas other items contribute most to the MCS scale (items 6, 7, and 9-12). The second part (items 13-16) constitutes burden of kidney disease subscale. It includes questions about how much kidney disease interferes with daily life, takes up time, causes frustration, or makes the respondent feel like a burden. The third part (items 17-28) covers symptoms and problem list subscale. It includes questions about how bothered a respondent feels by sore muscles, chest pain, cramps, itchy or dry skin, shortness of breath, faintness, lack o