Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients with Trigeminal Neuralgia

such as 3D-T1, 3D-T2, BOLD-functional MRI (fMRI), diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) (Multiple b values, such as 0,1000,2000), diffusion-prepared, arterial spin labeling (DP-ASL), Meningeal lymphatic sequence (3D T2-FLAIR ).

The BPI is divided into two parts, one of which assesses pain severity on a scale of 0 to 10, where 0 means "no pain" and 10 means "most severe pain." The other assessed the extent to which pain interfered with daily activities, including seven areas of general activity, mood, ability to walk, normal work (including housework), relationships, sleep, and enjoyment of life, with 0 being "no impact" and 10 being "significant impact."

The scale consisted of two subscales with 11 pain description items and 4 emotional assessment items [pain-free (0), mild (1), moderate (2), severe (3)], and a visual analog scale (VAS) [0-10, painless (0), severe pain (10)] was added to assess pain intensity.

The scale contains 10 items, divided into two parts: Symptom description (7 items) : covers burning pain, cold pain, electric shock pain, tingling pain, acupuncture pain, numbness, and pruritus. Clinical examination (3 items) : Includes loss of touch, loss of tingling, and whether rubbing in the pain area induces or worsens pain. "Yes" scores 1 point for each item, "no" scores 0 points, total score ≥4 points can be diagnosed as neuropathic pain

BDI consists of 21 items, each corresponding to a common depressive symptom, such as sadness, insomnia, fatigue and feelings of worthlessness. Each item has four options, representing the severity of symptoms, on a scale of 0 (no symptoms) to 3 (severe symptoms). The overall score ranges from 0 to 63, with the higher the score, the more severe the depressive symptoms.

BAI consists of 21 items, each describing an anxiety-related symptom, and subjects are required to choose the answer that best fits their situation based on their feelings in the past week. A 4-level scoring method was adopted:

0: None

• Mild, not much bother
• Moderate, uncomfortable but tolerable
• severe, can only barely tolerate The higher the score, the more severe the anxiety symptoms.

The PSQI contains 19 self-rated entries and 5 other rated entries, but only 19 self-rated entries participate in the score. The entries are divided into seven components, each scored on a 0-3 scale, with an overall score ranging from 0-21.

such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), C-reactive protein (CRP), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), neurofilament light chain (sNfL), glial fibrillary acidic protein (sGFAP).

such as hypoesthesia (numbness of the face and tongue), decreased corneal reflexes, dry eye, double vision, masseter weakness, oral herpes simplex