Machine Learning to Analyze Facial Imaging, Voice and Spoken Language for the Capture and Classification of Cancer/Tumor Pain

Background:

• Pain related to cancer/tumors can be widespread, wield debilitating effects on daily life, and interfere with otherwise positive outcomes from targeted treatment.
• The underpinnings of this study are chiefly motivated by the need to develop and validate objective methods for measuring pain using a model that is relevant in breadth and depth to a diversity of patient populations.
• Inadequate assessment and management of cancer/tumor pain can lead to functional and psychological deterioration and negatively impact quality of life.
• Research of objective measurement scales of pain based on automated detection of facial expression using machine learning is expanding but has been limited to certain demographic cohorts.
• Machine learning models demonstrate poor performance when training sets lack adequate diversity of training data, including visibly different faces and facial expressions, which yields opportunity in the proposed study to lay a guiding foundation by constructing a more general and generalizable model based on faces of varying sex and skin phototypes.

Objectives:

-The primary objective of this study is to determine the feasibility of using facial recognition technology to classify cancer/tumor related pain in a demographically diverse set of participants with cancer/tumors who are receiving standard of care or investigational treatment for their cancer/tumor.

Eligibility:

• Adults and children (12 years of age or older) with a diagnosis of a cancer or tumor who are receiving standard of care or investigational treatment for their underlying cancer/tumor.
• Participant must have access to internet connected smart phone or computer with camera and microphone and must be willing to pay any charges from service provider/carrier associated with the use of the device.

Design:

• The design is a single institution, observational, non-intervention clinical study at the National Institutes of Health Clinical Center.
• All participants will participate in the same activities in two different settings (remotely and in-clinic) for a three-month period.
• At home, participants will utilize a mobile application for self-reporting of pain and will audio- visually record themselves reading a passage of text and describing how they feel. In the clinic, participants will perform the same activities with optimal lighting and videography, along with infrared video capture.
• Visual (RGB) and infrared facial images, audio signal, self-reported pain and natural language verbalizations of participant feelings feel will be captured. Audio signal and video data will be annotated with self-reported pain and clinical data to create a supervised machine learning model that will learn to automatically detect pain.
• Care will be taken with the study sample to include a diversity of genders and skin types (a proxy for racial diversity) to establish a broad applicability of the model in the clinical setting. Additionally, video recordings of participant natural language to describe their pain and how they feel will be transcribed and auto-processed against the Patient-Reported Outcomes version of the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (PROCTCAE) library to explore the presence and progression of self-reporting of adverse events.

• INCLUSION CRITERIA:

• Ability of subject to understand and willingness to sign a written informed consent document.
• Adults and children (including NIH staff) aged >= 12 years.
• Participants with diagnosis of a cancer or tumor
• Participant must be receiving either standard of care or investigational cancer/tumor treatment either at NIH or with a community physician.
• Must have access to a smart phone (iPhone or Android) with either a data plan and/or access to wireless internet (wifi) or a computer with a camera and microphone and access to internet and must willing to use their device and assume any associated charges from

service providers.

Exclusion criteria

• Participants with progressive brain tumors or metastasis. Participants with treated brain metastasis or primary brain tumor are eligible if there is no evidence of progression for at least 4 weeks after CNS directed treatment and there is no impact on voice or facial muscle movements.
• Participants with Parkinson s disease.
• Known current alcohol or drug abuse.
• Any psychiatric condition that would prohibit the understanding or rendering of informed consent.
• Non-English speaking subjects.