Lurasidone Non-Interventional Study in Schizophrenia Patients

Patient's and caregiver's satisfaction is evaluated by Seven-point Likert scales derived from Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication used to assess patient's and caregiver's satisfaction about efficacy, safety, usability and global impression of medications.

Patient's satisfaction with efficacy, safety, ease of use, and overall impression of medication was measured using seven-point Likert scales derived from the Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication. Caregiver's satisfaction with efficacy, safety, ease of use, and overall impact on patient management was assessed using seven-point Likert scales derived from the Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication. The questionnaire consists of 4 items. Each item is scored on a 7-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (Extremely dissatisfied) to 7 (Extremely satisfied).

To assess the Patient's functioning and quality of life a Quality-of-Life Scale was used.

Quality Life Scale is a standardized questionnaire that evaluates various aspects of an individual's life, interpersonal relation, instrumental role, Intrapsychic Foundations, Common Objects and Activities and overall satisfaction with life.

The Quality of Life Scale is a validated measure of health-related quality of life and functioning in schizophrenia that focuses on intrapsychic, social, and negative symptoms and their impact on functioning in schizophrenia. The questionnaire consists of 21 items in 4 domains: Interpersonal Relations (8 items), Instrumental Role (4 items), Intrapsychic Foundations (7 items), and Common Objects and Activities (2 items). Each item is scored on a 7-point Likert scale ranging from 0 (severe impairment) to 6 (normal or unimpaired functioning). A score is calculated for each domain, and the total score ranges from 0 to 126.

Patient's and caregiver's satisfaction was evaluated by Seven-point Likert scales derived from Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication used to assess patient's and caregiver's satisfaction about efficacy, safety, usability and global impression of medications.

Patient's satisfaction with efficacy, safety, ease of use, and overall impression of medication was measured using seven-point Likert scales derived from the Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication. Caregiver's satisfaction with efficacy, safety, ease of use, and overall impact on patient management was assessed using seven-point Likert scales derived from the Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication. The questionnaire consists of 4 items. Each item is scored on a 7-point Likert scale ranging from 1 (Extremely dissatisfied) to 7 (Extremely satisfied).

To assess the Patient's functioning and quality of life a Quality-of-Life Scale was used.

Quality Life Scale is a standardized questionnaire that evaluates various aspects of an individual's life, interpersonal relation, instrumental role, Intrapsychic Foundations, Common Objects and Activities and overall satisfaction with life.

The Quality of Life Scale is a validated measure of health-related quality of life and functioning in schizophrenia that focuses on intrapsychic, social, and negative symptoms and their impact on functioning in schizophrenia. The questionnaire consists of 21 items in 4 domains: Interpersonal Relations (8 items), Instrumental Role (4 items), Intrapsychic Foundations (7 items), and Common Objects and Activities (2 items). Each item is scored on a 7-point Likert scale ranging from 0 (severe impairment) to 6 (normal or unimpaired functioning). A score is calculated for each domain, and the total score ranges from 0 to 126.

To assess the safety a Investigator's Assessment Questionnaire was used. Investigator's Assessment Questionnaire is a validated, clinician-rated scale, designed to assess relative effectiveness (efficacy, safety, and tolerability) of antipsychotic medications in patients with schizophrenia. The Investigator's Assessment Questionnaire consists of 12 equally weighted items: positive symptoms, negative symptoms, other efficacy symptoms, somnolence, weight gain, signs and symptoms of prolactin elevation, akathisia, other extrapyramidal symptoms, other safety or tolerability issues, cognition, energy, and mood. For each item, the current medication was compared with previous antipsychotic medication on a five-point scale from 1 (much better) to 5 (much worse). Total Investigator's Assessment Questionnaire scores range from 12 to 60 with lower Investigator's Assessment Questionnaire total scores indicating better relative treatment effectiveness.

To assess the tolerability a Investigator's Assessment Questionnaire was used. Investigator's Assessment Questionnaire is a validated, clinician-rated scale, designed to assess relative effectiveness (efficacy, safety, and tolerability) of antipsychotic medications in patients with schizophrenia. The Investigator's Assessment Questionnaire consists of 12 equally weighted items: positive symptoms, negative symptoms, other efficacy symptoms, somnolence, weight gain, signs and symptoms of prolactin elevation, akathisia, other extrapyramidal symptoms, other safety or tolerability issues, cognition, energy, and mood. For each item, the current medication was compared with previous antipsychotic medication on a five-point scale from 1 (much better) to 5 (much worse). Total Investigator's Assessment Questionnaire scores range from 12 to 60 with lower Investigator's Assessment Questionnaire total scores indicating better relative treatment effectiveness.

To assess the efficacy a Clinical Global Impression - Severity of Illness is used.

Clinical Global Impression - Severity of Illness measures the clinician's impression of the patient's current state of mental illness on a 7-point scale ranging from 1 (normal-not at all ill) to 7 (among the most extremely ill patients). Although Clinical Global Impression - Severity is considered a very simple and synthetic tool to assess the severity of schizophrenia it has been demonstrated that it is nonetheless reliable and its indications were consistent with other more sophisticated scales such as Global Assessment of Functioning and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale . The Clinical Global Impression - Severity requires the knowledge of the patient's clinical history; for this reason, the patient should always be assessed by the same physician in order to detect any change in the patient's condition.

To assess the efficacy a Clinical Global Impression - Severity of Illness is used.

Clinical Global Impression - Severity of Illness measures the clinician's impression of the patient's current state of mental illness on a 7-point scale ranging from 1 (normal-not at all ill) to 7 (among the most extremely ill patients). Although Clinical Global Impression - Severity is considered a very simple and synthetic tool to assess the severity of schizophrenia it has been demonstrated that it is nonetheless reliable and its indications were consistent with other more sophisticated scales such as Global Assessment of Functioning and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. The Clinical Global Impression - Severity requires the knowledge of the patient's clinical history; for this reason, the patient should always be assessed by the same physician in order to detect any change in the patient's condition.

To assess the efficacy a Investigator's Assessment Questionnaire is used.

Investigator's Assessment Questionnaire is a validated, clinician-rated scale, designed to assess relative effectiveness (efficacy, safety, and tolerability) of antipsychotic medications in patients with schizophrenia. The Investigator's Assessment Questionnaire consists of 12 equally weighted items: positive symptoms, negative symptoms, other efficacy symptoms, somnolence, weight gain, signs and symptoms of prolactin elevation, akathisia, other extrapyramidal symptoms, other safety or tolerability issues, cognition, energy, and mood. For each item, the current medication was compared with previous antipsychotic medication on a five-point scale from 1 (much better) to 5 (much worse). Total Investigator's Assessment Questionnaire scores range from 12 to 60 with lower Investigator's Assessment Questionnaire total scores indicating better relative treatment effectiveness.

To assess the efficacy a Investigator's Assessment Questionnaire is used.

Investigator's Assessment Questionnaire is a validated, clinician-rated scale, designed to assess relative effectiveness (efficacy, safety, and tolerability) of antipsychotic medications in patients with schizophrenia. The Investigator's Assessment Questionnaire consists of 12 equally weighted items: positive symptoms, negative symptoms, other efficacy symptoms, somnolence, weight gain, signs and symptoms of prolactin elevation, akathisia, other extrapyramidal symptoms, other safety or tolerability issues, cognition, energy, and mood. For each item, the current medication was compared with previous antipsychotic medication on a five-point scale from 1 (much better) to 5 (much worse). Total Investigator's Assessment Questionnaire scores range from 12 to 60 with lower Investigator's Assessment Questionnaire scores indicating better relative treatment effectiveness.