Low-Volume High-Intensity Race-Pace Training in Finswimmers

Finswimming is a high-speed aquatic sport in which performance in short and middle-distance events depends on the ability to produce and sustain race-specific velocity. Traditional aquatic training models often emphasise high training volume; however, for events lasting from seconds to a few minutes, race-pace work, neuromuscular quality, and individualised load monitoring may be particularly relevant.

This study follows 5 finswimmers from the Antioquia Underwater Activities League (LASA) during a 9-week low-volume, high-intensity training block. All participants received the same general training approach, but training distances, repetitions, target times, and race-pace references were individualised according to each athlete's main competitive event.

Before the intervention, athletes completed a basic characterisation and a baseline performance assessment using an official competition result. Training target times were estimated from the baseline performance. During the 9-week block, the investigators recorded external load variables, including distance, repetitions, weekly volume, target time, and actual time for each relevant repetition. Internal load were monitored using heart rate and rating of perceived exertion. Pace stability were estimated from repeated times in event-specific distances using descriptive indicators such as mean time, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation.

After the intervention, performance were reassessed in the athlete's main event through an official competition or a comparable standardised control test. Data analysis were focus on individual responses, weekly trends, and descriptive changes from baseline to post-intervention. The study were not include a control group or randomisation; therefore, findings were interpreted as exploratory and non-causal.

Inclusion criteria

• Finswimmers affiliated with the Antioquia Underwater Activities League (LASA).
• Regular participation in finswimming training.
• A defined main competitive event.
• Availability to complete the 9-week follow-up period.
• Ability to complete high-intensity swimming training according to the regular sport programme.
• Written informed consent from adult participants.
• For participants under 18 years of age, written informed consent from a parent or legal guardian and written assent from the participant.

Exclusion criteria

• Active musculoskeletal injury.
• Relevant pain or acute illness at baseline.
• Medical restriction for high-intensity swimming exercise.
• Inability to complete the planned follow-up.
• Withdrawal of consent or assent.
• Insufficient attendance or incomplete records for the main study variables.
• Any condition judged by the research team or coaching staff to compromise participant safety during high-intensity swimming.