Local Factors in the Onset/Progression of Peri-implantitis: A Retrospective Study

With the increasing burden of peri-implantitis worldwide, interest in the management of this pathology has flourished. However, there is a lack of consensus in the search for a predictable therapy. Different therapeutic modalities have been advocated. Non-surgical therapy as a sole modality is often insufficient to resolve inflammation. Surgical interventions have demonstrated more favorable results. Among these, evidence supported the application of resective, reconstructive or combined approaches to limit progressive bone loss and achieve soft tissue health. However, to date, the most appropriate modality is unknown and the decision-making process derives from the understanding gained in the management of periodontitis.

A very relevant aspect of peri-implantitis is that the prevalence tends to be higher at the patient level than at the implant level. This indicates that it is a pathology in which there are localized factors that may contribute to the onset and/or perpetuation of the pathology. Some of the factors that have been demonstrated in the literature point to the characteristics of the peri-implant soft tissues, as well as the position of the dental implants. However, the role of each local factor in the predisposition or protection of peri-implant disease or health is still largely unknown. The objective of this study is therefore to evaluate, in partially edentulous patients with multiple implants, the localized factors associated with peri-implantitis.

Completed

Looking for future studies?

Notify Me

Key information

Conditions

Peri-implantitis Mouth Diseases Periodontal Diseases Stomatognathic Diseases

Age range

18 year–90 year

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Observational

Primary location

Centro de Implantologia Cirugia Oral y Maxilofacial

Badajoz, 06011, Spain

About this study

Variables to explore:

Patient-related variables:

Periodontal health (health, pathology)
Periodontal status classification (stage, grade)
Smoker (S, NS, FS)
Compliance (NC, C, CE)
Age (y)
Time since implants (y)
Pathology (DM, CVD, OP, other)
Medication
Anticoagulant (y/n)
Plaque control (<20%, >20%, >50%)

Clinical variables:

Keratinized mucosa (narrow, wide, lack)
Vestibule (Deep ≥4mm, shallow <4mm, lack)
Number of implants supporting the prosthesis (n)
Implant location in the fixed prosthesis (mesial, distal, medial)
Interproximal access with a 0.5mm brush between implants (IP-i)
Interproximal access with a 0.5mm brush between implants implant-tooth (IP-t)
Prosthesis type (SC, FPD)
Cemented or screw-retained (C, S)
Ceramic to connection (Y/N)
Prosthesis material (Zr, Cr-Co)
Implant (NB, ST, TC, DT, BTI, other)
Implant diameter (mm)
Implant length (mm)
Position (M, PM, A, a, pm, m)

Radiographic variables:

Distance between implants (m-d)
Distance to adjacent tooth (m-d)
Occlusal deviation towards buccal-lingual (b-l)
Apico-coronal position with respect to adjacent tooth (a-c) with respect to LAC
Apico-coronal position with respect to adjacent implant (a-c) with respect to coronal
Inclination (implant deviation º) (m-d), (b-l) and º
Defect configuration (Monje et al. 2019)
Implant type (BL, TL)
Transmucosal abutment (Y, N, short <2mm, long ≥2mm)
Inadequate implant-prosthesis connection (Ill-fitting)

Who can participate

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

Partially edentulous patients
Peri-implantitis and non-peri-implantitis implants
Readable x-ray and clinical signs of inflammation/health

Exclusion criteria

Complete edentulous patients
Inconsistent definition of peri-implantitis

Treatment and study plan

dental implant

Device

Impact of implant-related local factors on the onset/progression of peri-implantitis

Primary outcomes

Peri-implantitis

Time frame: >12 months

Bone loss (≥3mm) occurring with clinical signs of inflammation

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Center of Implantology, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Badajoz, Spain

Other

Registry information

Important dates

Study start: 2024
Primary completion: 2025
Study completion: 2025
First posted: Jun 8, 2026
Registry last updated: Jun 8, 2026

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

Published trials that share one or more normalized conditions with this study.

Completed