Limb Splinting for Intravenous Cannulae in Neonates and Its Effects on Life Span of Intravenous Cannulae

This randomized controlled trial aims to investigate the impact of limb splinting on the lifespan of intravenous (IV) cannulae in neonates. The study is motivated by the need to enhance the efficacy and safety of peripheral IV cannulation in neonates, who frequently require intravenous access for the administration of medications and fluids during hospitalization. Peripheral IV cannulation, although common, is associated with a limited dwell time and various complications, including extravasation, occlusion, and leakage, which can lead to multiple cannulations and increased discomfort for neonates.

The study is designed to compare the lifespan of IV cannulae in neonates who have their limbs splinted with those who do not. The primary focus is on whether splinting the limb can effectively increase the dwell time of the IV cannula, thereby reducing the frequency of cannulation and associated complications. The trial involves 246 neonates, randomly assigned to either the splint or non-splint group, with an equal number of participants in each group.

Neonates included in the study will undergo standard peripheral IV cannulation procedures, with all cannulae being inserted by experienced medical staff under controlled conditions. In the splint group, the limb with the IV cannula will be immobilized using a splint, while in the non-splint group, the limb will not be splinted. The time from cannula insertion to removal will be meticulously recorded for each neonate, along with any complications that arise, such as extravasation, accidental dislodgment, infiltration, phlebitis, leakage, or occlusion.

Data will be collected using a self-designed questionnaire, ensuring that the information is only accessible to the primary investigator to maintain data integrity and confidentiality. The study will employ rigorous statistical analysis, including two-sample t-tests to compare the mean dwell times between the splinted and non-splinted groups, and Spearman's rank analysis to explore correlations between various parameters.

The outcomes of this trial are expected to provide valuable insights into the effectiveness of limb splinting as a technique for increasing the lifespan of IV cannulae in neonates. The findings could potentially influence clinical practices by identifying a simple yet effective method to enhance the safety and comfort of neonatal patients requiring IV therapy.

Inclusion criteria

• All neonates with intravenous cannulae

Exclusion criteria

• All neonates in neonatal ICU
• All neonates with central venous line in place
• All neonates that are on ventilatory support