Legume Diet Satiety Pilot Study

The goal of the currently proposed study is to conduct a randomized controlled feeding pilot study within a more diverse population also at high risk for colorectal carcinoma (CRC) to evaluate whether a high-legume diet will result in increased satiety and in turn will facilitate reduced energy intake and weight loss compared to a control diet provided under similar conditions. In addition, explore potential beneficial effects of the high-legume diet on gastric emptying and circulating levels of appetite-regulating hormones and other biomarkers. Dietary behaviors that are even moderately more satiating over time have the potential to enhance weight loss and could lead to a significant public health impact among populations at high risk for colorectal carcinoma (CRC) and other chronic diseases.

Towards the end of the study, the participants will do an additional test, looking at how long food takes to pass through the digestive system using a SmartPill capsule. The SmartPill is a pill about the size of a large multivitamin that can measure pH, pressure, and temperature changes, which it uses to assess where in the digestive tract it is. The participant swallows the pill, and carries around a receiver that is about the size of a deck of cards for the next 3-5 days. The SmartPill is expelled, and the receiver notifies the participant that they can return the receiver to the study personnel.

Inclusion criteria

• BMI overweight-obese: 25.0-40 kg/m2
• Colonoscopy within the last two years that found ≥1 adenoma
• English speaking
• Ambulatory, able to come to either food distribution site to pick up food and participate in clinical examinations and laboratory tests

Exclusion criteria

• Serious medical condition (e.g., cancer, heart disease, kidney disease, diabetes)
• History of CRC, bowel resection, polyposis syndrome, or inflammatory bowel disease
• Smoked regularly in the past year
• Dietary restrictions substantially limiting compliance or vegetarian or Vegan diet
• Planning on changing diet or exercise behavior in the next 6 months
• Regular use of medication that may alter inflammation markers, insulin, glucose, or gut function (i.e. regular use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medication, insulin therapy, steroid therapy, or antibiotics)