LEARN-6™: A Prospective, Observational Nursing Home Study

The distance a participant walked, with or without an assistive device and stand-by assistance of 1 person, or propelled him/herself in a wheelchair with or without the use of his/her feet, over level ground, during a period of up to 10 minutes including up to two 30-second rest periods (at weeks 2, 14 and 26).

Anemia is defined using World Health Organization (WHO) criteria as Hemogloblin <12 g/dL in women, < 13 g/dL in men.

The percentages of anemic subjects with iron deficiency, vitamin B12 deficiency, gastrointestinal (GI) bleed, chronic inflammation, and folate deficiency. Anemia of iron deficiency is defined as reduced serum iron, reduced transferrin saturation, ferritin less than 12 ng/mL plus increased Total Iron Binding Capacity (TIBC), per normal laboratory range. Anemia of chronic inflammation defined as reduced serum iron and transferrin saturation, increased or normal ferritin, and reduced or normal TIBC. GI bleed is based on the result of the stool guaiac sample(s) collected: A participant is considered to have GI bleed if one guaiac sample is positive, and not to have GI bleed only if all of his/her three stool guaiac samples were negative.

Vitamin B12 and folate deficiency based on standard laboratory ranges.

Estimated GFR measures how much blood the kidneys are filtering, and was calculated using 2 methods: 1. Modification of Diet in Renal Disease study (MDRD) formula: estimated GFR = 186 x [Serum creatinine]^-1.154 x [Age]^-0.203 x [0.742 if patient is female] x [1.210 if patient is black]. 2. Cockcroft-Gault formula: GFR = (140-age) * (Weight in kg) * (0.85 if female) / (72 * Serum Creatinine).

Physical performance was measured for all patients with CKD (defined as estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) <60 mL/min/1.73m^2). The average speed a participant walked, with or without an assistive device, and stand-by assistance of one person or propelled themselves in their wheelchair with or without the use of their feet, over level ground, up to 10 minutes with up to two 30 second rest periods.

The duration a participant was able to walk or propel themselves in a wheelchair during 10 minutes.

Participants were asked to stand from a seated position so that knees approximated full extension. Timing began from the point that the participant initiated the standing behavior to the point he/she was on his/her feet with knees at approximately full extension.

Grip strength was measured using an adjustable, hand-held, hydraulic grip strength dynamometer. While seated, participants were asked to grip the 2 bars of the dynamometer in their hand and slowly squeeze as hard as they can; then relax. The highest of three measurements was recorded.

Lower extremity strength test measures the maximum amount of weight a participant can lift one time throughout his/her range of motion. While supine, and using adjustable cuff weights, participants were asked to bend at their hip and knee and draw their heel along the bed towards their buttocks.

Lower extremity strength test measures the maximum amount of weight a participant can lift one time throughout his/her range of motion. While supine, and using adjustable cuff weights, participants were asked to bend at their hip and knee and draw their heel along the bed towards their buttocks.