Lacticaseibacillus Rhamnosus GG Pili Study

The project consisted in the supplementation of a) a wild-type LGG strain, b) a low-producing pili LGG strain or c) a high-producing pili LGG strain to study subjects. The individuals received the three treatment combinations in a randomised order. Each supplementation was given to the individuals every 30 min over a period of 6 hours. Eight biopsies from the duodenum were collected at the end of 6 h-solutions administration by flexible gastroduodenoscopy, likewise the routine procedure during this endoscopic investigation. Faecal samples were collected by the study subjects at home 1 day before, 2, 7 and 14 days days after administrations of each oral supplementation. The supplementations were separated by a 3-week wash-out period.

Inclusion criteria

• Healthy males or females aged 18-65 years.
• Willing to abstain from any probiotics or medication known to alter gastrointestinal function during the study.
• A signed informed consent.

Exclusion criteria

• Recent or current treatment with drugs affecting intestinal function, immune function or mood (e.g. antidepressants). In addition use of all drugs during the study should be recorded.
• Recent (< 6 weeks) use of probiotics*.
• Diagnosis of major psychiatric or somatic disorders.
• Pregnancy or breastfeeding.
• Abuse of alcohol or drugs.
• Smokers and chewable tobacco users.
• Lactose intolerance.

• Any kind of probiotics and with special attention on products containing LGG:

Dairy products:

• Valio Kefir
• Valio Gefilus yoghurt

Dietary supplements:

• Bifiform Daily
• Bifiform Travel
• Bifiform Daily Caps