KN026 in Combination With Chemotherapy in HER2 Positive Gastric Cancer Subjects Who Have Failed First-line Therapy

KN026-001 is a two-stage randomized, multicenter, phase Ⅱ/Ⅲ clinical study to evaluate the efficacy of KN026 in combination with chemotherapy in subjects with HER2-positive advanced unresectable or metastatic gastric cancer, including adenocarcinoma of the gastro-esophageal junction, who have failed first-line therapy.

Stage 1 is an open-label, multicenter, phase Ⅱ study to evaluate the safety and ORR in subjects receiving KN026 in combination with chemotherapy. Stage 2 is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase Ш study to evaluate the OS and PFS in subjects receiving KN026 in combination with chemotherapy compared to placebo in combination with chemotherapy.

Inclusion criteria

• Age ≥18 years;
• Histologically or cytology-confirmed HER2-positive locally advanced, recurrent, or metastatic gastric cancer (including adenocarcinoma of the gastro-esophageal junction); HER2 positive is defined as IHC 3+, or IHC 2+ with ISH test positive (HER2/CEP17 ratio ≥ 2.0, or mean HER2 copy number ≥ 6.0 signals/cell);
• Failure of at least first-line standard therapy (trastuzumab plus chemotherapy); Note: Neoadjuvant/adjuvant therapy previously administered with a trastuzumab-containing regimen can be considered first-line therapy if the subject has progressed disease during neoadjuvant/adjuvant therapy or within 6 months of completion of treatment;
• Stage 1 : At least one measurable lesion at baseline according to RECIST 1.1; Stage 2: At least one evaluable lesion at baseline according to RECIST 1.1; the area must not have received previous radiotherapy, or there must be evidence of significant progression after the end of radiotherapy;
• ECOG Performance Status of 0 to 1.
• Life expectancy ≥ 3 months.
• 7. The function of major organs must meet the following criteria : Hemoglobin (Hb) ≥ 90 g/L; Absolute neutrophil (ANC) ≥ 1.5×10^9/L; Platelet (PLT) ≥ 90×10^9/L; (No whole blood or component blood transfusion in the last 14 days; no pro-hematopoietic cytokines used in the last 7 days); AST, ALT ≤2.5× ULN (upper limit of normal value) (if liver metastases, AST, ALT ≤5×ULN); Total bilirubin (TBIL) ≤1.5×ULN; Albumin≥ 28 g/L; creatinine clearance ≥ 50 mL/min (standard Cockcroft-Gault formula applied); Activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) ≤ 1.5×ULN, international normalized ratio (INR)/or prothrombin time (PT) ≤ 1.5×ULN; (It is allowed to receive anticoagulants at low stable doses, eg at a dose of aspirin 100 mg/day);
• Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≥ 50% or lower limit of normal (LLN) in local sites, measured by echocardiography (ECHO), cardiac radionuclide scanning (MUGA) only in the absence of ECHO, with consistency at baseline and follow-up measurements;
• Subjects agreed to use effective contraception during the study and for 6 months after the last dose (women of childbearing age must confirm a negative serum pregnancy test within 7 days prior to enrollment);
• Female and male patient of childbearing age must agree to take adequate contraceptive measures during the entire study period and through at least 6 months after the last dose of study drug. (Women of childbearing age must have a negative pregnancy test prior to study entry.)
• Subjects are able and willing to comply with the study protocol.

Exclusion criteria

• Subjects with untreated active brain metastases; Subjects will be admitted if their brain metastases have been treated and the metastases are stable (brain imaging at least 4 weeks prior to the first dose showed stable lesions with no new CNS symptoms, or CNS symptoms have returned to baseline and no hormonal therapy is required at least 14 days prior to the first dose of the investigational treatment), and there is no evidence of new or enlarged original brain metastases;
• Other investigational medications received within 4 weeks prior to the first study treatment, based on the time of the last trial dose;
• Antineoplastic therapy such as chemotherapy, small molecule inhibitors, immunotherapy (such as interleukin, interferon, or thymosin) within 4 weeks or 5 half-lives (whichever is shorter but at least 2 weeks) prior to the first study treatment; Have received Chinese herbal treatment with antitumor activity within 14 days before administration;
• Subjects recieved major surgery (e.g., transabdominal, transthoracic, etc.) within 28 days prior to the first study treatment; does not include minor procedures such as diagnostic puncture or infusion device implantation), or major surgery is expected to be required during the study;
• Previous cumulative doses of doxorubicin exceeding 320 mg/m^2, or equivalent conversion of other anthracyclines (anthracycline equivalent: 1 mg doxorubicin = 2 mg epirubicin = 2 mg pyrrubicin = 2 mg daunorubicin = 0.5 mg normethoxydaunorubicin = 0.45 mg mitoxantrone; except doxorubicin liposomes);
• Previous use of anti-HER2 therapy other than trastuzumab (eg, ADC, dual-antibody, small molecule targeted therapy, etc.).
• Pregnant or lactating women; or intend pregnancy during the trial or within 6 months of the end of the trial;
• Subjects with a history of life-threatening allergies or known allergies to protein drugs or recombinant proteins or to one of excipients in KN026 drugs (histidine, glacial acetic acid, sucrose, and polysorbate 20) who have had a severe hypersensitivity reaction to trastuzumab.
• Adverse events have not returned to CTCAE 5.0 grade ≤ grade 1 or baseline from previous anti-tumor treatments , except for alopecia, skin pigmentation and those assessed by the investigators without potential safety risk.
• Uncontrollable diarrhoea (≥grade 2 that does not improve within 48 hours of medication);
• Subjects with the following history of cardiovascular disease:

• Subjects with uncontrolled hypertension (defined as sustained systolic blood pressure > 150 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure > 100 mmHg despite antihypertensive medication);
• Any history of symptomatic congestive heart failure (NYHA classification II-IV); the absolute value of LVEF decreased by ≥10% and absolute value < 50% , or the absolute value of LVEF decreased by ≥15% , during or after treatment with trastuzumab or other anti-HER2 treatment;
• History of myocardial infarction within 6 months before treatment of the first dose;
• Subjects with angina and unstable angina within three months prior to treatment in the first dose;
• Severe arrhythmias and conduction abnormalities requiring antiarrhythmic therapy other than β-blockers or digoxin (except atrial fibrillation and paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia) within 6 months prior to treatment in the first dose;
• QTcF > 450 ms (male); QTcF > 470ms (Female);
• Other heart diseases that the investigators consider clinically significant;
• Poorly controlled systemic diseases judged by investigators, including diabetes;
• Severe chronic or active infections requiring systemic antibacterial, antifungal, or antiviral therapy (eg, anti-infective drugs have been used for more than 1 week before the trial and will continue to be used), including tuberculosis infection;
• Received systemic corticosteroids (> 10 mg/day of prednisone, or equivalent amounts of other corticosteroids) within 2 weeks prior to treatment in the first dose; inhaled steroids or topical cortisol is permitted, corticosteroids are allowed for pre-treatment of certain chemotherapy drugs, and short-term (≤ 7 days) are allowed for the prevention or treatment of contrast allergy;
• History of noninfectious interstitial lung disease, or interstitial pneumonia requiring hormonal therapy;
• History of immunodeficiency, including HIV positive or other acquired or congenital immunodeficiency disease, or a history of organ transplantation;
• Active HBV [HBsAg or HBcAb-positive with HBV DNA > 500 IU/mL (or 2500 copies/mL)] or HCV infection [subjetcs with polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-negative HCV ribonucleic acid (RNA) can participate in this study] or HIV-positive or syphilis antibody positive (confirmed);
• History of any other malignant tumors within five years prior to the first dose, except cured cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma, non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer, localized low-risk prostate cancer [defined as stage ≤ T2a, Gleason score ≤ 6, and PSA ≤ 10 ng/mL at prostate cancer diagnosis (if measured) who have received radical therapy and no biochemical recurrence of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) can participate in this study], cervical/breast cancer in situ who have received radical treatment without any signs of recurrence and metastasis;
• Cavity effusion (pleural effusion, ascites, pericardial effusion, etc.) requiring drainage or diuretic therapy, within 2 weeks prior to the first dose of treatment; Diuretics for other reasons are permitted;
• Known mismatch repair deficient (dMMR) or highly unstable microsatellite (MSI-H) without previous PD-1/PD-L1 monoclonal antibody therapy;
• Unintentional weight loss of ≥5% within 1 month prior to the first dose, despite peripheral or central venous nutritional support;
• Inability to tolerate or refuse chemotherapy required by the protocol;
• The investigator considered the subject to be unsuitable for participation in this clinical study due to the presence of any clinical or laboratory abnormalities or history of systemic disease or other reasons.