Kinesiophobia, Quality of Life, and Cognitive Functions in Fibromyalgia Syndrome

The TAMPA Kinesiophobia Scale consists of 17 questions. Each question is scored between 1-4. The maximum score is 68, with high scores indicating an increased severity of kinesiophobia. A score of more than 37 indicates high severity of kinesiophobia.

This test evaluates eight separate cognitive functions: Attention, working memory, short-term memory, delayed memory, visuospatial abilities, executive functioning, language, and orientation to time and place. Scores of 21 and above are considered normal, with the highest test score being 30.

The patient is asked to mark her severity of pain on a horizontal 10-cm line with number 0 on one end representing "no" and number 10 on the other end indicating "very severe pain". Higher scores indicate higher levels of pain intensity.

It aims to evaluate the arthritis symptoms and functional status of patients with fibromyalgia syndrome through 21 questions that inquire about physical functions, work-related situations, depression, anxiety, waking up tired, pain, stiffness, and fatigue. Higher scores indicate greater impact of fibromyalgia on functioning. Final score should range from 0 to 80.

Short Form-36 (SF-36) is a widely used and validated scale for evaluating the quality of life. It is not specific to any disease group. It consists of thirty six items. It consists of 8 subscales related to physical health (physical function, physical role, pain, general health) and mental health (energy, social function, emotional role difficulty, mental health) factors. Each sub-scale chart is evaluated between 0 and 100 points. Higher scores indicate good health.

Physical activity levels in the last 7 (seven) days will be evaluated with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short form. This short form consists of seven questions and provides information about the durations of physical activities, walking and sitting within the last seven days in the metabolic equivalent (MET)-min/week unit.

Hospital Anxiety/ Depression Questionnaire determines the risk in terms of anxiety and depression in the patient and to measure its level and severity. It is used to diagnose anxiety and depression in a short time and determine the risk group for patients with physical diseases and those who apply to primary health care. Seven (odd numbers) of 14 questions measure anxiety and seven (even numbers) measure depression. Answers are scored in a four-point Likert scale between 0 and 3. The lowest score that patients can get from both subscales is 0, the highest score is 21.