Isokinetic Profile of Ankle Joint Muscles in Chronic Non Specific Low Back Pain Patients

Ankle torque parameters will be tested at velocity of 30°/s, these parameters will include (peak torque - peak torque / BW - Cof of Variance)

Ankle torque parameters will be tested at velocity of 180°/s, these parameters will include (fatigue index - Total work - Average Power/reps)

Position torque parameters will be tested at two velocities of 30°/s, and 180°/s these parameters will include (Joint angle at peak torque - Range of motion)

Time torque parameters will be tested at two velocities of 30°/s, and 180°/s these parameters will include (Time to peak torque - Force decay time - Delay time)

Will be measured through Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) VAS is a proven, evaluative tool for measuring both acute and chronic pain as scores is recorded by placing a handwriting mark along a 10-cm line that represents a pain spectrum between "no pain" and "worst pain" as the word descriptions "no pain" on the left and "worst imaginable pain" on the right serve as anchors for the 100-mm long horizontal line.

Will be assessed through Arabic version of Modified Oswestry Disability Index (MODI).

The Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Index is a 10-item self-assessment questionnaire with 6 levels of answers ranging from 0 to 5. Pain, personal care, lifting and moving objects, walking, sitting, standing, sleep disorders caused by LBP, sex life, social life, and traveling are among these items. A total score is computed, and the percentage of disability (score obtained divided by 50 and multiplied by 100) ranges from 0% (no disability) to 100% (complete disability) (complete disability). The following scores are used to interpret this scale: 0 to 20%: minimal disability; 20 to 40%: moderate disability; 40 to 60%: severe disability; 60 to 80%: crippling low back pain; and above 80%: the person is confined to bed. To obtain the score, the sum of the scores is divided by the total possible score (i.e., 50). To obtain the percentage of a patient's disability, the resulting total is multiplied by 100

Will be assessed through Fear Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ) The questionnaire consists of 16 items in which a patient rates their agreement with each statement on a 7-point Likert scale. Where 0= completely disagree, 6=completely agree. There is a maximum score of 96. A higher score indicates more strongly held fear avoidance beliefs. There are two subscales within the FABQ; the work subscale (FABQw) with 7 questions (maximum score of 42) and the physical activity subscale (FABQpa) with 4 questions (maximum score of 24). The numbers in parentheses below designate which items from the FABQ are included in each subscale. The questionnaire takes approximately 10 minutes to complete. The higher the score, the higher the subject's fear-avoidance beliefs

Will be assessed through Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) Arabic version of the FSS is a 9-item scale which measures the severity of fatigue and its effect on a person's activities. Answers are scored on a seven- point scale where 1 = strongly disagree and 7 = strongly agree. This means the minimum score possible is nine and the highest is 63. The higher the score, the more severe the fatigue is and the more it affects the person's activities.

Will be measured by Fergusson's method on Lateral X-ray films of lumbo-sacral region for each patient

Will be assessed through McGill endurance test For the McGill test, the participant back leaned against a jig in a sit-up position that will be 60 degrees (degrees) off the ground, their knees bent 90 degrees, their hips folded over their chests, their hands on the shoulder across from them, and their feet fastened. The patient will be instructed to maintain isometric posture for the longest period of time feasible before the researcher pushed the jig back 10 centimeters. Thus, when the patients' backs touched the jig, it was considered a failure. The researcher also will note how long the subjects maintained an isometric stance, which is typically between one and two minutes.

The Sorenson test will be carried out with the individuals' upper bodies off the end of the test bench and their pelvises, knees, and hips restrained. Hands were placed on opposite shoulders while the subjects' upper bodies were held across their chests. Failure is defined as the moment that a subject's upper body deviated from the horizontal position, and the researcher will note the amount of time that a subject typically maintained a straight posture for between one and two minutes.

Side plank test will be conducted with subjects lied on side, then researcher will ask to lift body on elbow, forearm, and feet will be stacked to create a straight line from head to toes. Thus, failure will be determined when subjects' body would be dropped; and researcher will record time that subjects has hold body straight with normal range of one and two minutes.