Investigating the Efficacy of Rest-ZZZ Formula in Healthy Participants With Difficulty Falling Asleep or Staying a Sleep

Inclusion criteria

• Has given voluntary, written, informed consent to participate in the study
• Males and females 25-65 years of age, inclusive
• BMI of 18-32.5 kg/m2, inclusive
• Difficulty in falling asleep (taking longer than 30 minutes to fall asleep) or staying asleep, with 2 or more waking episodes in a 7-day period for at least 2 weeks
• Females participant is not of child bearing potential, defined as females who have had a hysterectomy or bilateral oophorectomy, bilateral tubal ligation, total endometrial ablation or are post-menopausal (natural or surgically with > 1 year since last menstruation) or,

Females of childbearing potential must agree to use a medically approved method of birth control and have a negative urine pregnancy test result. All hormonal birth control must have been in use for a minimum of three months. Acceptable methods of birth control include:

• Hormonal contraceptives including oral contraceptives, hormone birth control patch (Ortho Evra), vaginal contraceptive ring (NuvaRing), injectable contraceptives (Depo-Provera, Lunelle), or hormone implant (Norplant System)
• Double-barrier method
• Intrauterine devices
• Non-heterosexual lifestyle or agrees to use contraception if planning on changing to heterosexual partner(s)
• Vasectomy of partner at least 6 months prior to screening
• Healthy as determined by laboratory results and medical history and by QI assessment
• Willingness to complete questionnaires, records, and diaries associated with the study and to complete all clinic visits
• Agrees to maintain normal diet and exercise routine throughout the study
• Agrees to maintain current sleep schedule throughout the study
• Agrees to stay in the current time zone for the duration of the study
• Agrees to refrain from herbal teas within 2 hours of bedtime, unless currently a part of their night routine for more than 30 days
• Agrees to refrain from over-the-counter (OTC) products to help with sleep
• Agrees to refrain from caffeine intake after 3:00 pm during the study
• Agrees to comply with all study procedures

Exclusion criteria

• Women who are pregnant, breastfeeding, or planning to become pregnant during the trial
• Anticipated problems or allergies to any active or inactive ingredients in the investigational products as well as other flowers in the Asteraceae/Compositae family
• Previous diagnosis of a sleep disorder or use of continuous positive air pressure (C-PAP)
• Menopausal women with hot flashes
• Registered with the Canadian National Institute for the Blind (CNIB) and considered as legally blind
• Currently experiencing vivid nightmares or sleepwalking
• Have unstable medical conditions such as heart failure, pneumonia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), reflux/gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), restless leg syndrome, chronic pain, or disruptive sleep for medical reasons
• Chronic conditions such as asthma, heartburn, and migraines that consistently interfere with sleep
• Controlled and uncontrolled hypo- and hypertension
• Type I and Type II diabetes
• Current employment that calls for shift work or have worked shift work in the last 3 weeks
• Travel across 1 or more-time zones in the last 2 weeks and/or is anticipating more travel
• Clinically significant abnormal laboratory results at screening
• Use of prescribed medications or any other medications used to help with sleep
• Use of OTC medications, supplements, food, drinks or products similar to the comparator or Rest-ZZZ to help with sleep. Chamomile, passion flower, valerian root, lemon balm and hawthorn berry ingested as teas and part of daily routine may be included in the study. However, participants will be required to maintain their current routines of consumption until the completion of the study.
• Evidence or history of clinically significant hematological, renal, endocrine, hepatic, and neurological diseases within the last 5 years as assessed by the QI
• Autoimmune disease or if immune-compromised (i.e. HIV-positive, use of anti-rejection medication, rheumatoid arthritis, Hepatitis B/C-positive)
• Cancer, except skin cancers completely excised with no chemotherapy or radiation with a follow-up that is negative. Volunteers with cancer in full remission for more than 5 years after diagnosis are acceptable after review by QI
• Diagnosis of any pineal gland abnormalities or have undergone pinealectomy
• Diagnosis of lower gastrointestinal diseases such as irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease
• Current or history of bleeding disorders
• Surgical procedures which may impact the study outcomes within the past 3 months to be assessed by the QI
• Tobacco use (cigarettes, e-cigarettes, vaporizers, etc.) within 90 days prior to baseline
• Use of recreational marijuana within 30 days prior to baseline
• High alcohol intake (average of >2 standard drinks per day or > 10 standard drinks per week)
• Excessive habitual caffeine consumption (>2 cups coffee or >3 cups caffeinated tea or >2 energy drinks per day) or caffeine intake after 3:00 pm
• Illicit drug use in the past 6 months as assessed by the QI
• Participation in clinical trials within 30 days prior to enrollment
• Blood donation will be assessed on a case-by case basis depending on frequency of donation and hematological and clinical chemistry parameters
• History of any mental illness that might impair the ability of participants to provide written informed consent
• Any other condition, that, in the opinion of the QI, may adversely affect the participant's ability to complete the study or its measures, or pose significant risk to the participant