Intraarticular Dextrose Prolotherapy for Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis

Inclusion criteria

• Diagnosis of knee OA by clinical criteria (American College of Rheumatology).
• Identification of knee osteoarthritis by a radiologist on an existing knee radiograph obtained within 3 years of enrollment.
• Moderate to severe knee pain for at least 3 months, defined as a score of ≥ 4 (on a 0-10 point numeric rating scale) in response to the question "What is the average level of your left/right knee pain in the past 3 months?".

Exclusion criteria

• Pregnancy.
• Diabetes.
• Anticoagulation therapy.
• History of total knee replacement.
• Prior knee prolotherapy or other regenerative product.
• Any knee injection within 3 months.
• Inflammatory (RA, gout, pseudogout etc.) or postinfectious knee arthritis.
• Daily use of opioid medication.
• Allergy or intolerance to study medication, corn allergy.
• Body mass index (BMI) greater than 40 kg/m^2.
• Comorbidity severe enough to prevent participation in the study protocol.
• Use of oral steroids during the study period
• Use of injectable steroids in the past 3 months or during the study period