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Completed

NCT Number: NCT06076135

Intestinal Low Dose Radiotherapy Combined With Immunotherapy in Immune-resistant Metastatic Solid Tumors

Preclinical and clinical studies have shown that intestinal low dose radiotherapy (ILDR) can enhance antitumor immunity and response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). Therefore, the investigators launch a phase Ⅱ trial to evaluate the clinical value of combining ILDR and programmed cell death-1/ -ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) inhibitors in patients with ICB refractory metastatic solid tumor.

This study is designed as a researcher-initiated, two-stage and prospective clinical trial. The target population is patients with advanced metastatic malignant solid tumors who have progressed after immunotherapy. The primary endpoints include objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), progression free survival while receiving ILDR combined therapy (PFS2), and lesion-based abscopal response rate. The secondary endpoints include incidence of adverse events (AEs), cancer-specific survival (CSS), and overall response rate (OS).

Sixteen subjects will be enrolled in this trial. The primary objective is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of 1Gy ILDR combined with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in immune-resistant metastatic malignant solid tumors, and biomarker exploration for response prediction.

Eligible patients will be subjected to 1Gy ILDR. Tumor response will be assessed according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) 1.1 as well as Immune related RECIST (iRECSIST). The extent or severity of adverse reactions will be assessed using Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) (version 5.0). Furthermore, tissue samples, stool samples, and peripheral blood samples will be collected for biomarker exploration.

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Key information

Age range

18 year–80 year

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Phase 2

Primary location

Cancer Hospital, Shantou University Medical College

Shantou, Guangdong, 515031, China

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: No

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Age ≥18 years, ≤80 years, regardless of gender.
  • ECOG level 0-2.
  • Expected life span>3 months.
  • At least one accessible and measurable lesion should be selected as the target lesion for observation according to RECIST criteria.
  • Patients with metastatic solid tumors (of any histology) without standard therapy options, who have previously received immunotherapy, immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy, or immunotherapy combined with anti-angiogenesis treatment and have shown disease progression.
  • The patient is considered ineligible for surgical treatment.
  • Patients with brain metastases assessed as clinically stable after treatment through repeated CT and/or MRI scans are eligible.
  • Patients have complete clinical and pathological information.
  • Any psychological, family, social or geographical conditions may hinder compliance with the research protocol.
  • Patients are able to understand the informed consent form, voluntarily participate, and sign the informed consent form.
  • Other indicators accord with the general inclusion criteria for clinical trials.

Exclusion criteria

  • Patients with contraindications to radiation therapy and immunotherapy.
  • Previous occurrence of unacceptable immune related toxic side effects (immune myocarditis, pneumonia, etc.).
  • Patients who were assessed as hyperprogressive disease (HPD).
  • Patients who have received pelvic and abdominal radiation therapy within 6 months prior to enrollment.
  • The adverse reactions from prior treatment have not yet recovered to a CTCAE5.0 rating of ≤ 1 (excluding toxicity that has been determined to be risk-free, such as fatigue or hair loss).
  • Accompanied by severe infections.
  • Serious liver disease (such as cirrhosis), kidney disease, respiratory disease, or chronic system diseases such as uncontrollable diabetes and hypertension; Patients who cannot tolerate radiation therapy.
  • Clinical symptoms of brain metastases or meningeal metastasis.
  • The patients with known allergies or allergies to the test drug ingredients.
  • Substance/alcohol abuse.
  • Patients who are pregnant or planning to.
  • Patients participating in other clinical studies that may affect the efficacy/safety of this clinical study.
  • Patients who have undergone major surgical procedures within 30 days.
  • Patients who have received antibiotics, antifungal drugs, antiviral, antiparasitic drugs, or probiotics within 4 weeks.

Treatment and study plan

Intestinal Low Dose Radiotherapy-1Gy

Radiation

1Gy ILDR will be administered to patients in a single fraction. The radiation treatment volume composes both the jejunum and ileum.

PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors

Drug

The immunotherapy regimen is the previous ICB therapy regimen or modified by the physician in charge. PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors will be given 1 day after ILDR at a 3-week interval.

Primary outcomes

  1. Objective Response Rate (ORR)

    Time frame: 6, 12, 24 weeks after start of ILDR.

    The objective effective rate of ILDR combined with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in patients with metastatic malignant solid tumors after acquired resistance to immunotherapy, including complete response and partial response.

  2. Disease Control Rate(DCR)

    Time frame: 6, 12, 24 weeks after start of ILDR.

    The proportion of patients with optimal response to ILDR combined with PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors.

  3. Progression Free Survival while Receiving ILDR combined Therapy (PFS)

    Time frame: 6, 12, 24 weeks after start of ILDR.

    The time from the date of ILDR initiation to the documented disease progression or death due to cancer.

  4. Lesion-based Abscopal Response Rate

    Time frame: 6, 12, 24 weeks after start of ILDR.

    The proportion of patients with tumor objective response in one or more lesions.

Secondary outcomes

  1. Incidence of Adverse Events

    Time frame: 12, 24, 48 weeks after start of ILDR.

    The proportion of patients with treatment-related adverse events as assessed by CTCAE v5.0.

  2. Overall survival (OS)

    Time frame: 24, 48 weeks after start of ILDR.

    The time from the date of ILDR initiation to death from any cause.

  3. Cancer-specific survival (CSS)

    Time frame: 24, 48 weeks after start of ILDR.

    The time from the date of ILDR initiation to death due to cancer.

Other outcomes

  1. Changes of Intestinal Flora

    Time frame: Before the first treatment, 3-7 days after start of ILDR, before each immunotherapy.

    Fecal samples are analyzed by metagenomics sequencing. The differential intestinal flora is obtained through differential analysis, and the correlation between the differential microbial communities and other indicators is analyzed.

  2. Metabolites in fecal samples

    Time frame: Before the first treatment, 3-7 days after start of ILDR, before each immunotherapy.

    The wide arrays of metabolites in fecal samples are analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively.

  3. Tissue Immune Analyses

    Time frame: Before the first treatment, 3 weeks after start of ILDR.

    Tumor tissue is obtained for histopathological staining and transcriptome sequencing.

  4. Peripheral Blood Immune Analyses

    Time frame: Before the first treatment, 3-7 days after start of ILDR, before each immunotherapy.

    Flow cytometry analysis is performed on peripheral blood samples.

  5. Changes of Serum Metabolites

    Time frame: Before the first treatment, 3-7 days after start of ILDR, before each immunotherapy.

    The wide arrays of metabolites in serum are analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively.

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Chuangzhen Chen

Other

Registry information

Official study title

Efficacy and Safety of Combining Intestinal Low Dose Radiotherapy and PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors for Metastatic Malignant Solid Tumors After Acquired Resistance to Anti-PD1/PD-L1 Treatment

Acronym: ILDR-01

Important dates

Study start
2023
Primary completion
2026
Study completion
2026
First posted
Oct 10, 2023
Registry last updated
Jul 30, 2026

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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