Interventional Programs' Impact on Patients' Quality of Life and Functioning

The WHOQOL-BREF measure the subjects' perception of QOL in every domain and the subjects' satisfaction with health and overall rating of QOL.

The WHOQOL-BREF is a shortened version of the WHOQOL-100, it is composed of 26 items that uses a 5 point response scale ranging from 1 (very dissatisfied/very poor) to 5 (very satisfied/very good). Four domains were addressed including the physical health (seven items, Q3, Q4, Q10, Q15, Q16, Q17, Q18), psychological health (six items, Q5, Q6, Q7, Q11, Q19, Q26), social relations (three items, Q20, Q21, Q22), and environment (eight items, Q8, Q9, Q12, Q13, Q14, Q23, Q24, Q25).

Domain scores are scaled in a positive direction (i.e. higher scores denote higher quality of life) with elevated score indicating higher quality of life. The mean score of items within each domain is used to calculate the domain score. Mean scores are then multiplied by 4 in order to make domain scores comparable with the scores used in the WHOQOL-100.

The 5-level EQ-5D version (EQ-5D-5L) questionnaire is a globally used and multiply validated tool to assess health-related quality of life (HRQoL). It consists of 2 pages: the EQ-5D descriptive system and the EQ visual analogue scale (EQ VAS).

The descriptive system comprises five dimensions: mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort and anxiety/depression. Each dimension has 5 levels: no problems, slight problems, moderate problems, severe problems and extreme problems. The EQ VAS records the patient's self-rated health on a vertical visual analogue scale where the endpoints are labelled 'The best health you can imagine' and 'The worst health you can imagine'.

Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) is a scoring system used to assess the severity of illness in psychiatry. It measures how much a person's symptoms affect their day-to-day life on a scale of 0 to 100. It is a numeric scale (0 through 100) used by mental health professionals and physicians to subjectively rate the social, occupational, and psychological functioning of adults. The highest ratings are 91-100, "Superior functioning in a wide range of activities and the lowest ratings (besides a 0, for "Inadequate information") are 1-10, "Persistent danger of severely hurting self or others…OR persistent inability to maintain minimal personal hygiene OR serious suicidal act with clear expectation of death.

Questionnaire du focntionnement sociale (QFS) It is a brief self-assessment questionnaire made up of 16 questions covering the general functioning in the last 15 days. Eight questions assess the frequency of social behaviors, and the eight other questions focus on satisfaction that is withdrawn from these behaviors. The QFS makes it possible to calculate three main indices: a "Frequency" index, a "Satisfaction" index and a "Global" index, which corresponds to the sum of the two previous ones. The "Frequency" and "Satisfaction" index scores range from 8 to 40 while the "Overall" index score ranges from 16 to 80. A higher score corresponds to a better level of functioning.

Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) The PANSS is a scale validated in Lebanon that evaluate the clinical symptoms of the patients. It consists of 30 items, divided into 3 subcomponents: positive symptoms (seven items: P1-P7), negative symptoms (seven items: N1- N7) and symptoms of general psychopathology (16 items: G1-G16). All items are scored with values from 1 to 7, with 1 reflecting no symptoms and 7 reflecting extremely severe symptoms. The scores of these scales are calculated by the sum of the elements of each component [15]. The score for the positive and negative scales varies between 7 and 49 while the score varies from 16 to 112 for the general psychopathology scale. The total score is obtained by the sum of all the items