Innovative Family Prevention With Latino Siblings in Disadvantaged Settings

The measure assesses parents' perceptions of three constructs: Parents' positive guidance, authoritarian control, and involvement (McHale et al., 2000; Updegraff et al., 2016). For each subscale, scores range from 1 to 5. Higher subscale scores indicate more positive guidance (i.e., better outcome), higher involvement (i.e., better outcome), and higher authoritarian control (i.e., worse outcome). Subscales are not combined into a total score.

The measure assesses parents' perceptions of one construct: Parents' ratings of children's supportive and prosocial behaviors (Stormshak, Bellanti, & Bierman, 1996; Updegraff et al., 2016).

Scores range from 1 to 6. Higher scores indicate parents' perceptions of target child's more prosocial behaviors toward their sibling (i.e., better outcome).

The measure assesses siblings' ratings of intimacy/emotional support (Blyth & Foster-Clark, 1987). Scores range from 1 to 5. Higher scores indicate target child's perceptions of higher sibling intimacy and closeness (i.e., better outcome).

The measure assesses parents' ratings of sibling conflict and negativity (Stocker & McHale, 1992). Scores range from 1 to 5. Higher scores indicate parents' perceptions of target child's greater negativity toward their sibling (i.e., worse outcome).

The measure assesses children's ratings of sibling conflict and negativity (Furman & Buhrmester, 1985). Scores range from 1 to 5. Higher scores indicate target child's perceptions of higher sibling conflict and negativity (i.e., worse outcome).

This measure assesses children's ratings of two constructs: social self-efficacy and emotional self-efficacy (Muris, 2001). For each subscale, scores range from 1 to 5. Higher subscale scores indicate greater social self-efficacy (i.e., better outcome) and greater emotional self-efficacy (i.e., better outcome). Subscales are not combined into a total score.

This measure assesses children's ratings of their depressive symptoms (Kovacs, 1985). Items are scored on a scale from 0 to 2, and higher scores indicate greater depressive symptoms (i.e., worse outcome). If mean scores are used, scores range from 0 to 2. If sum scores are used, scores range from 0 to 52.

This measure assesses parents' perceptions of children's social emotional functioning in 6 domains (i.e., antisocial, anxious/depressed, headstrong, hyperactive, dependency, peer conflict; Peterson & Zill, 1986). For all scales, items are scored on a scale from 1 to 3. For each subcale, higher scores indicate higher problem behavior in the domain (i.e., worse outcome). Mean scores are created for each subscale, and a total mean score is created across all domains - in all cases, higher scores indicate worse outcomes.

The CES-D (Radloff, 1977) assesses parents' depressive symptoms. Items are scored on a scale from 0 to 3, and higher scores indicate greater depressive symptoms (i.e., worse outcome). No subscales are created. If mean scores are used, scores range from 0 to 3. If sum scores are used, scores range from 0 to 60.

This measure assesses parents' perceptions of parental stress and includes two subscales: parental distress and dysfunctional interaction (Abidin, 1995). Items for each subscale are scored on a scale from 1 to 5. Mean scores can be created for each subscale, and higher scores indicate higher levels of distress (i.e., worse outcome) and higher dysfunctional interaction (i.e., worse outcome). A total scale score can be created across all items and higher scores indicate higher parenting stress (i.e., worse outcome).

This measure assesses parent and child's report of parent-child warmth (Schaefer, 1965). Items are scored on a scale of 1 to 5. Items are average and higher scores indicate greater perceptions of parent-child warmth (i.e., better outcome).

This measure assesses parent's reports of harsh discipline (Schaefer, 1965). Items are scored on a scale of 1 to 5. Items are average and higher scores indicate greater perceptions of harsh discipline (i.e., worse outcome).

This measure assesses parents' perceptions of parent-child conflict (Smetana, 1988). Items are scored on a scale from 1 to 6. Average scores are created and higher values indicate greater parent-child conflict (i.e., worse outcome).

This measure assesses parents' perceptions of family cohesion (Olson, Portner, & Bell, 1982). Items are scored on a scale from 1 to 5. An average score is created and higher scores indicate greater family cohesion (i.e., better outcome).