Improving Nutrition and Health Outcomes in Intibuca, Honduras (MANI I)

Inclusion criteria

• All healthy children between the ages of 5-18 months old and their mothers who are residents of the municipalities of Santa Lucia, Magdalena and San Antonio who do not present any of the medical conditions listed in the exclusion criteria.
• Mothers have understood and signed consent forms to enable their children to participate in the study. They were willing to have their child participate in one or more blood draws, bi-monthly sessions: 1) nutrition classes and food voucher and lipid-based nutritional supplement and 2) height/weight monitoring, dietary intake questionnaire, and health outcome information. As well as the additional data assessments necessary to be considered active participants in the study.

Exclusion criteria

• Children with congenital anomalies, mental retardation, severe physical handicap, under-nutrition caused by medical conditions that contribute to under-nutrition such as heart disease, kidney failure, face and throat problems that interfere with swallowing, medical problems interfering with the absorption of food, chronic diseases such as tuberculosis, etc.
• Children with a known allergy to peanuts and eggs will also be excluded from the study, 30% of children with known allergies to nuts also have an allergy to eggs.
• Plans to move or change their place of residence outside of the study region in the next 2 months would make them ineligible.
• Mothers who are younger than 16 years of age will be excluded from the study. Women younger than 16 might not understand the consent process and the importance of following the guidelines established in the research, therefore we chose not to include this group as "eligible" participants.
• Children who are <= -2 standard deviations below the norm for z score for weight for age. These children are severely malnourished and need to be carefully followed under the supervision of a qualified health care provider.