Implantation in Posterior Maxilla in Cases With Insufficient Bone

Increasing the initial primary stability intensity value increases the success rate of implants in general and also allows immediate or early loading procedures to begin. In addition, to avoid complications resulting from inserting implants into the compromised maxillary sinus according to the Summers method. The most important of these is perforation of the mucous membrane lining the maxillary sinus and the possibility of its application in pathological cases of the maxillary sinus, such as chronic maxillary sinusitis and the presence of mucous retention cysts, in which intervention according to the usual Summers method is not indicated.

Despite the previous advantages obtained by this method, there are some disadvantages to the technique of tilting the implants in the palatal direction from the maxillary sinus, which are the limitation of its application to cases with a palatal process of the maxilla in the upper jawbone, which requires performing a three-dimensional radiograph. It was observed in this study and after studying the cross-sections that sufficient thickness for this process was less likely present than in cases of its absence. In addition, prosthetic procedures are generally difficult in tilted implants compared to axial implants.

Inclusion criteria

for both groups:

• Patients must have inadequate bone density in the posterior region of the upper jaw.
• Patients should maintain good oral hygiene.
• The surgical site must be free from infection.
• There should be no contraindications for oral surgery.

For the first group:

• Patients in the first group must have a palatal process of the maxillary bone determined by radiographic examination.

Exclusion criteria

• Patients with adequate bone volume to receive an implant.
• Patients with systemic diseases that impair metabolism or healing at the surgical site.
• Patients with contraindications for surgery, including cardiovascular disorders, blood clotting disorders, anticoagulant use, or uncontrolled diabetes.
• Patients receiving medications that affect bone metabolism, such as corticosteroids, oral contraceptives, hormonal treatments, or those undergoing chemical or radiological therapies.