Impact of Virtual Reality (VR) and Music Intervention

K-POMS Anxiety/Depression : This scale calculates scores based on 65 items assessing six subfactors: anxiety, depression, anger, vitality, fatigue, and confusion. For the subfactors, higher scores for vitality are better, while lower scores for the negative psychological factors are better. In this study, 9 items related to anxiety and 15 items related to depression were measured using a 5-point Likert scale (4 points being "strongly agree" and 0 points being "strongly disagree").

K-RCSQ (Sleep in the ICU Questionnaire) : This questionnaire consists of 5 items that assess the overall quality of sleep as perceived by the patient. Each item is rated on a scale from 0 to 100, and the average score represents the quality of sleep. Higher scores indicate better sleep quality.

Understanding of the explanation and educational satisfaction: These are based on a satisfaction assessment tool for web-based virtual classes developed by Im Jeong-hoon and Jeong In-seong (1999), which was modified and improved by Choi Mi-hee (2015) to evaluate the satisfaction of smartphone-based colonoscopy bowel preparation video education. Out of the 12 items in the original tool, 7 items that can be evaluated simultaneously with a written tool were used. The original tool measures aspects such as the appropriateness of educational content, methods, design, material organization, interest, and understanding, with a total of 12 items. It uses a 4-point scale (1: Not at all, 4: Very much), where higher scores indicate higher satisfaction. The reliability of the tool at the time of development was Cronbach's α = 0.84, and in Choi Mi-hee's study (2015), the reliability was Cronbach's α = 0.93. The evaluation takes approximately 3 minutes.

Understanding of the explanation and educational satisfaction: These are based on a satisfaction assessment tool for web-based virtual classes developed by Im Jeong-hoon and Jeong In-seong (1999), which was modified and improved by Choi Mi-hee (2015) to evaluate the satisfaction of smartphone-based colonoscopy bowel preparation video education. Out of the 12 items in the original tool, 7 items that can be evaluated simultaneously with a written tool were used. The original tool measures aspects such as the appropriateness of educational content, methods, design, material organization, interest, and understanding, with a total of 12 items. It uses a 4-point scale (1: Not at all, 4: Very much), where higher scores indicate higher satisfaction. The reliability of the tool at the time of development was Cronbach's α = 0.84, and in Choi Mi-hee's study (2015), the reliability was Cronbach's α = 0.93. The evaluation takes approximately 3 minutes.