Impact of Treatment With Rituximab on the Progression of Humoral Acute Rejection After Renal Transplantation

Inclusion criteria

• Patient adult male or female (age 18 years), kidney transplantation for less than one year (transplant from a living donor or deceased), with acute humoral rejection defined by :
• The deterioration of renal function assessed by serum creatinine increase of more than 20% compared to the best value, OR
• In the first 28 days after transplantation, no significant creatinine decrease, AND
• At least 2 of the 3 following criteria:

• tissue damage such as (a) acute tubular necrosis, (b) presence of monocytes or granulocytes in the CPT and / or glomeruli and / or capillary thrombosis, (c) intimal arteritis / fibrinoid necrosis
• C4d level of CPT and / or presence of Ig or complement in lesions of fibrinoid necrosis
• Presence of HLA antibodies directed against the donor. Patient having given his written consent to participate in the clinical trial.

Exclusion criteria

• Pregnant or lactating
• Women during their reproductive years without effective contraception,
• A patient with multiple organ transplants,
• Patients with clinically active infection by HCV uncontrolled
• Patients with active infection, or suspected of infection by HIV or HBV, and tuberculosis,
• Patients with heart failure class IV (NYHA) cardiac disease or uncontrolled
• Patients for whom vaccination is scheduled,
• Patient with disabilities did not allow an understanding of the requirements of the test
• Patient in safeguarding justice, guardianship or trusteeship,
• Patient with cons-indication to rituximab (known hypersensitivity to any component or murine protein)
• Patient had previously received rituximab within 3 months before inclusion
• Patient participation in another clinical trial