Immune Reconstitution in Oncology Patients Following Autologous Stem Cell Transplant

Autologous stem cell rescue is an established therapy in high risk neuroblastoma and relapsed Hodgkin's lymphoma and an experimental therapy in some other solid and brain tumors to facilitate the use of very intense chemotherapy beyond bone marrow tolerance. It is usually tolerated with acceptable toxicity and graft failure is practically not existent. But whereas immune reconstitution in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) setting is widely studied, the investigators have no comprehensive data available in the autologous setting regarding recovery of the innate and adaptive immune system. However, observations in patients with autoimmune disease undergoing autologous HSCT suggest not an exact recovery of the patient's pre-transplant immune system but some re-education during reconstitution of immune function.

Also, recent developments of cancer-directed immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies and immunocytokines rely on activity of the patient's own immune system via complement-mediated or antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. These novel therapies are given either with or shortly after conventional chemotherapy. To find the optimal time point for administration of immunotherapy, it is important to know how and when immune effector cells recover after conventional myelosuppressive and/or immunosuppressive chemotherapy which are used in Induction regimens.

Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital want to study the research participant's immune profile once prior and at multiple set time points after autologous stem cell infusion during the recovery process. In a subset of participants the investigators want to study the recovery of lymphocyte subsets and function after one course of conventional chemotherapy preceding the high dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplant. That way the investigators hope to learn about the pace and order of recovery and the functional capacity of different compartments of the immune system during reconstitution.

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Key information

Conditions

Solid Tumor Brain Diseases Brain Neoplasms Brain Tumor Central Nervous System Diseases Central Nervous System Neoplasms Hemic and Lymphatic Diseases Immune System Diseases Immunoproliferative Disorders Lymphatic Diseases Lymphoma Lymphoproliferative Disorders Neoplasms Neoplasms by Histologic Type Neoplasms by Site Nervous System Diseases Nervous System Neoplasms

Age range

Up to 21 year

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Observational

Primary location

St. Jude Children's Research Hospital

Memphis, Tennessee, 38103, United States

About this study

Primary Objective:

To describe the immune reconstitution of T cell-, B cell- and natural killer (NK) cell- compartment in patients undergoing autologous stem cell transplant as part of their treatment for a malignancy.

The design for this study will be a prospective, longitudinal observational study. Immune reconstitution will be measured in the course of autologous stem cell transplant using serial blood samples analyzed for cell counts, immune cell phenotyping (demonstrating the expression of specific receptors on the cell surface) and functional lymphocyte assays. These blood samples will be obtained once prior and at defined time points after stem cell infusion either while the research participant is hospitalized or during the scheduled clinic visit.

Immune recovery from conventional chemotherapy will be measured using serial blood samples analyzed for cell counts, immune cell phenotyping, and NK cell functional assays. These blood samples will be obtained once prior and at defined time points after completion of courses #1 and #4 of Induction chemotherapy while the research participant is hospitalized or during the scheduled clinic visit.

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: No

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

Patients with solid tumors, brain tumors or lymphoma regardless of previously received cancer related therapies who are enrolled on a study protocol or treatment plan that includes or will likely include autologous stem cell transplant.
Patient age >0 to 21 years

Exclusion criteria

Patient receiving an autologous transplant for a disease other than listed above.

Treatment and study plan

Blood samples obtained

Other

Research participants agree to have blood samples obtained at the time of diagnosis before any chemotherapy, if available, and prior to high dose chemotherapy regimen with autologous HSCT as well as on days 14, 21, 28, week 8 and months 3, 6, 12 and 18 after autologous HSCT. Research participants with high risk neuroblastoma may also agree to have blood samples taken before and twice in the recovery period (days 0, 7 and 15-18) of Induction chemotherapy courses one and four.

Other names: Venipuncture, Phlebotomy

Primary outcomes

Change in the immune reconstitution of T cell, B cell, and NK cell compartment.

Time frame: Days 0, 14, 21, 28, week 8, and months 3, 6, 12, and 18 related to stem cell infusion.

The order and magnitude of recovery of the different subtypes of leukocytes will be summarized by descriptive statistics. The pattern of immune reconstitution will be evaluated using longitudinal approaches such as Mixed effect models or GEE approach and implement in SAS 9.2 using PROC MIXED or PROC GENMOD.

In addition, NK cell number, receptor and ligand genotype and phenotype and functional capacity will be compared at specific time points (28 days, 8 weeks and 6 months post autologous transplant) to the baseline values using paired one sample signed rank test.

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

St. Jude Children's Research Hospital

Other

Registry information

Acronym: IROPAST

Important dates

Study start: 2012
Primary completion: 2015
Study completion: 2015
First posted: Feb 28, 2012
Registry last updated: Jul 14, 2015

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

Published trials that share one or more normalized conditions with this study.

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