iBAILA - Investigating Brains & Activity to Improve Latino Aging

Report minutes of moderate to vigorous level physical activity per week. Weekly frequency and duration of physical activity is used to calculate minutes of moderate to vigorous level physical activity (MVPA) per week.

Measured through a wrist-worn accelerometer (ActiGraph Model GT3X) worn for 7 days.

Measure of executive function. In part A, the subject connects a series of encircled numbers in numerical order. In part B, the subject connects encircled numbers and letters in numerical and alphabetical order, alternating between the numbers and letters. TMT score is the time in seconds it takes the subject to complete the test. A lower score/time is better. TMT A scores range from 0-180 seconds and TMT B scores range from 0-300 seconds. Raw scores were converted to z-scores utilizing baseline means and standard deviations. Z-scores were then combined into composite scores of executive function.

Measure of executive function. The Stroop test assesses the ability to inhibit cognitive interference. Color-words are printed in inconsistent color ink. Subjects are asked to name the color of the ink and not read the word. Score range is the number of words named correctly minus errors in 30 seconds and ranges from 0-77. Higher scores reflect better performance and less interference on reading ability. Raw scores were converted to z-scores utilizing baseline means and standard deviations. Z-scores were then combined into composite scores of executive function.

Measure of executive function. The Stroop test assesses the ability to inhibit cognitive interference. Color-words are printed in inconsistent color ink. Subjects are asked to name the color of the ink and not read the word. Score range is the number of words named correctly minus errors in 30 seconds and ranges from 0-77. Higher scores reflect better performance and less interference on reading ability. Raw scores were converted to z-scores utilizing baseline means and standard deviations. Z-scores were then combined into composite scores of executive function.

This is a widely used measure of verbal fluency (or semantic memory) in which the participant is asked to generate exemplars of each of two categories (animals, fruits and vegetables) within a 60-second time limit. The primary measure of performance is the number of unique exemplars generated within the time limit. The score is the total number of animals (Animal Total) and vegetables (Vegetable Total) named within the time limit. A higher score means a better outcome. Scores range from 0 with no upper limit.

Measure of the speed of perceptual processing in which the participant is asked to identify and name the numbers which belong with consecutively presented symbols for 90 seconds. The score is the number of digits correctly identified within the 90-second time limit - a higher score means a better outcome. Scores range from 0 to 110.

This is a widely used measure of working memory (or attention) in which the participant is read number sequences of increasing length and then asked to repeat each sequence forward (Digits Forward) or backward (Digits Backward). The primary measure of performance is the number of digit sequences correctly recalled in each subpart (Digits Forward, Digits Backward). Each sequence for Digits Forward and Digits Backward is scored as error (0) or correct (1) - a higher score means a better outcome.

This is a measure of working memory in which the participant is read number sequences of increasing length and is then asked to reorder the digits and say them in ascending order. Score range is 0 - 12 with a higher score meaning a better outcome.

Measure This is a measure of memory (declarative/episodic) in which a brief story is read to P who is then asked to retell it from memory immediately (I) and after a delay (II). The primary measure of performance is the number of story units recalled. Score is the sum of story units (25) correctly recalled. Scores range from 0 - 25 with a higher score meaning a better outcome.

Measure This is a measure of memory (declarative/episodic) in which a brief story is read to P who is then asked to retell it from memory immediately (I) and after a delay (II). The primary measure of performance is the number of story units recalled. Score is the sum of story units (25) correctly recalled. Scores range from 0 - 25 with a higher score meaning a better outcome.

Assessed through magnetic resonance imaging scans

Assessed through magnetic resonance imaging scans

Assessed through magnetic resonance imaging scans

Assessed through magnetic resonance imaging scans

Assessed through magnetic resonance imaging scans

Assessed through magnetic resonance imaging scans

Assessed through magnetic resonance imaging scans

Assessed through magnetic resonance imaging scans

Assessed through magnetic resonance imaging scans

Functional connectivity is defined as a correlation of the blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) signal from each brain network defined by prespecified regions of interest. Whole-brain images were acquired on a GE MR 750 Discovery 3-T scanner using an 8-channel head coil. Functional connectomes were generated using the resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) toolbox. Using the "networks.nii" (with ROIs defined from CONN's ICA analyses of HCP dataset/497 subjects), functional brain networks (e.g., DMN, FPN, SAL, and language) were derived using pairwise BOLD signal correlations, which were then converted to z-scores using Fisher's r-to-z transformation. The DMN, FPN, and SAL were selected as networks of interest due to evidence of the effects of aging and PA on these networks. The language network was selected as a control network.

Functional connectivity is defined as a correlation of the blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) signal from each brain network defined by prespecified regions of interest. Whole-brain images were acquired on a GE MR 750 Discovery 3-T scanner using an 8-channel head coil. Functional connectomes were generated using the resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) toolbox. Using the "networks.nii" (with ROIs defined from CONN's ICA analyses of HCP dataset/497 subjects), functional brain networks (e.g., DMN, FPN, SAL, and language) were derived using pairwise BOLD signal correlations, which were then converted to z-scores using Fisher's r-to-z transformation. The DMN, FPN, and SAL were selected as networks of interest due to evidence of the effects of aging and PA on these networks. The language network was selected as a control network.

Functional connectivity is defined as a correlation of the blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) signal from each brain network defined by prespecified regions of interest. Whole-brain images were acquired on a GE MR 750 Discovery 3-T scanner using an 8-channel head coil. Functional connectomes were generated using the resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) toolbox. Using the "networks.nii" (with ROIs defined from CONN's ICA analyses of HCP dataset/497 subjects), functional brain networks (e.g., DMN, FPN, SAL, and language) were derived using pairwise BOLD signal correlations, which were then converted to z-scores using Fisher's r-to-z transformation. The DMN, FPN, and SAL were selected as networks of interest due to evidence of the effects of aging and PA on these networks. The language network was selected as a control network.

Functional connectivity is defined as a correlation of the blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) signal from each brain network defined by prespecified regions of interest. Whole-brain images were acquired on a GE MR 750 Discovery 3-T scanner using an 8-channel head coil. Functional connectomes were generated using the resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) toolbox. Using the "networks.nii" (with ROIs defined from CONN's ICA analyses of HCP dataset/497 subjects), functional brain networks (e.g., DMN, FPN, SAL, and language) were derived using pairwise BOLD signal correlations, which were then converted to z-scores using Fisher's r-to-z transformation. The DMN, FPN, and SAL were selected as networks of interest due to evidence of the effects of aging and PA on these networks. The language network was selected as a control network.

Measure of executive function. In part A, the subject connects a series of encircled numbers in numerical order. In part B, the subject connects encircled numbers and letters in numerical and alphabetical order, alternating between the numbers and letters. TMT score is the time in seconds it takes the subject to complete the test. A lower score/time is better. TMT A scores range from 0-180 seconds and TMT B scores range from 0-300 seconds. Raw scores were converted to z-scores utilizing baseline means and standard deviations. Z-scores were then combined into composite scores of executive function.

This is a widely used measure of verbal fluency (or semantic memory) in which the participant is asked to generate exemplars of each of two categories (animals, fruits and vegetables) within a 60-second time limit. The primary measure of performance is the number of unique exemplars generated within the time limit. The score is the total number of animals (Animal Total) and vegetables (Vegetable Total) named within the time limit. A higher score means a better outcome. Scores range from 0 with no upper limit.

This is a widely used measure of working memory (or attention) in which the participant is read number sequences of increasing length and then asked to repeat each sequence forward (Digits Forward) or backward (Digits Backward). The primary measure of performance is the number of digit sequences correctly recalled in each subpart (Digits Forward, Digits Backward). Each sequence for Digits Forward and Digits Backward is scored as error (0) or correct (1) - a higher score means a better outcome.