I-InTERACT Preterm

The investigators will modify I-InTERACT North to reflect United States language and culture and emphasize our focus on neural plasticity and development. The modified intervention will be renamed Building Better Brains and Behavior (B4 Preterm). Then, investigators will conduct a single-arm clinical trial to establish B4 Preterm's feasibility, acceptability and preliminary efficacy in improving child and family outcomes. Additionally, neuroimaging (MRI/DTI) will be collected pre- and post-intervention. The primary neuroimaging sequence will allow the investigators to examine associations between white matter injury and treatment response as well as changes in neural activation and connectivity pre- to post-treatment. An exploratory neuroimaging sequence will also be collected pre- and post-intervention. This exploratory sequence will serve as a backup for the primary sequence in case it is affected by significant motion and allow the investigators to test this sequence in young children.

Inclusion criteria

• Age at enrollment: ages 3-8, inclusive
• Born at < 32 weeks gestational age
• Total T score of > 55 on the Child Behavior Checklist Total or Externalizing Behavior Scales OR Total T score of > 55 on the Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory total problem- or total intensity-scale OR documented behavioral problems noted in medical chart and parent endorses current concerns about child's behaviors
• Language: English must be the primary spoken language in the home

Exclusion criteria

Caregiver must be 18 years or older to participate in the intervention. Participant will be excluded from the study if the child does not reside with the caregiver at least half-time; the caregiving situation is not stable (i.e., there must be no scheduled custody hearings); English is not the primary language spoken in the home. Additionally, caregivers with a psychiatric hospitalization in the past year will be ineligible to participate. Children with certain types of metal in their heads will be unable to participate in the MRI portion but will be able to participate in the intervention and complete pre- and post-intervention questionnaires.