Hysteroscopy Before in Vitro Fertilization - Does it Improve the Outcome?

Background A tenth of a population in Denmark today is the result of assisted fertility, including IVF and ICSI. In roughly 40 % of these subfertile women the reason is unknown. Standard initial procedures include transvaginal ultrasonography, with or without saline infusion to detect intrauterine abnormalities that might explain the infertile condition. The golden standard to detect intrauterine abnormalities is hysteroscopy. Such abnormalities can be detected in a fourth of this population. Earlier studies indicate that the hysteroscopy alone - without correcting any abnormalities, affects IVF/ISCI outcome positively.

Aim By randomizing patients referred to the fertility clinic to ±office-hysteroscopy in circle prior to IVF/ISCI, we aim to enlighten whether mini-hysteroscopy with endometrial biopsy will increase the fertility by looking at pregnancy rates as our main outcome.

Method Women signed up for second IVF/ISCI treatment will be recruited, after signed consent they are randomized to either office-hysteroscopy or nothing before standard treatment in the fertility clinic.

Mini-hysteroscopy is a standard procedure in our gynecological outpatient clinic. The procedure is done without any anesthetics. Only women with normal intrauterine conditions will be enrolled in this protocol.

When the fertility clinic has a positive serum-HCG (human chorionic gonadotropin

) and a positive transvaginal sonography, pregnancy is confirmed. If negative serum-HCG, negative pregnancy will be registered.

Inclusion criteria

• Women submitted to IVF or ISCI treatment
• Age > 18 years
• Women able to read, speak and understand Danish
• Written consent

Exclusion criteria

• Intrauterine abnormalities
• Infection
• BMI > 35
• Known intrauterine cause to the infertile condition
• Abuse of alcohol or drugs
• Untreated medical condition
• Pregnancy