Household Participants

Household food patterns will be measured by 4 questions that assess the frequency of meal planning, eating meals with household members, bringing prepared restaurant foods home, and preparing meals with household members. The responses and scores range from 1- 1 day, 2- 2-3 days, 3- 4-5 days, 4- 6 days, 5- 7 days. Higher scores indicate greater household food patterns.

Food insecurity will be measured by the 10-item Household Food Security Survey Module, which captures the qualitative and quantitative dimensions of household food supply, including psychological and behavioral responses of household members, and generates a binary indicator of food insecurity at the household level. The responses and scores range from 1-often true, 2-sometimes true, 3-never true. Higher scores indicate low food insecurity.

The perceived 9-item nutrition environment will be measured by the Gustafson Perceived Nutrition Environment Measures questionnaire, which examines perceived access and availability of healthy foods within ~1 mile of the participant's home, and the availability and affordability of produce in the participant's primary food store. The responses and scores vary depending on the question including 0- disagree, 1-agree, and 0-not important, 1-slightly important, 2-moderately important, 3- important, 4-very important. Higher scores indicate higher perceived access and availability of food.

The 3-item Physical Activity Questionnaire, which has been used with Native Hawaiians, will assess exercise frequency during the past month. It contains 3 items that assess moderate and vigorous exercise and changes in activity levels. The responses and scores vary depending on the question, including 0- rarely or never, 1- 2-3 times over the month, 2- about once a week, 3- 2-4 times a week, 4- more than 4 times a week. Higher scores indicate greater physical activity.

Date of birth:

• Month
• Day
• Year

Biological Sex:

• Female
• Male

Marital Status:

• Never married
• Currently married
• Divorced or separated
• Widow/widower
• Domestic partnership/other

Employment:

• Full time
• Part-time
• Unemployed
• Self-employed
• Retired
• Unable to work/other
• Household caretaker

Education:

• Less than high school
• High school diploma/General Education Diploma (GED)
• Some college/technical training
• College degree
• Graduate/professional degree

Ethnic Ancestry:

• Caucasian
• Chinese
• Filipino
• Hawaiian
• Latino
• Japanese
• Korean
• Marshallese
• Micronesian (specify)
• Native American
• Portuguese
• Samoan
• Other (specify)

Household Income:

• Under $49,999
• $50,000-$74,999
• $75,000-$99,999
• $100,000-$124,999
• Over $125,000

Household income will be classified according to the US Census Bureau's poverty threshold by using a dichotomous variable. Participation in public assistance programs (e.g., Temporary Assistance for Needy Families, Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program) will also be recorded.

Household Composition:

• Who lives in your house full-time? (50% or more time spent in-house)

• Parents
• Children
• Grandparents/great-grandparents
• Other family members

a. Of those people, what are their ages and genders?

• Male: 17 years and under, 18-29 yrs, 30-39 yrs, 40-39 yrs, 50-59 yrs, 60+ yrs
• Female: 17 years and under, 18-29 yrs, 30-39 yrs, 40-39 yrs, 50-59 yrs, 60+ yrs
• Number of other/non-binary: 17 years and under, 18-29 yrs, 30-39 yrs, 40-39 yrs, 50-59 yrs, 60+ yrs

Tobacco and alcohol use will be measured by using a measure developed by Dr. Kaholokula for PILI 'Ohana.

Neighborhood environment will be measured by the 17-item modified Neighborhood Level Stressors Scale, which assesses participants' perceptions of 4 neighborhood dimensions (i.e., walkability, availability of healthy food, safety, and social cohesion). The responses and scores range from 1-strongly disagree, 2-somewhat disagree, 3- neutral, 4-somewhat agree, 5-strongly agree. Higher scores indicate low neighborhood level stressors.

Existing comorbidities will be measured as whether the participant has ever been told by a healthcare professional that they have had a heart attack, heart failure, stroke, or chronic kidney disease.