High Five! - School-based Prevention of Overweight and Obesity Among 6 to 9 Year Olds

Emotional and behavioral problems in children are assessed by 17-items version of The Pediatric Symptom Checklist (PSC-17) for parents. The total and the subscale scores will be analysed and the following cutoffs will be taken as indicators of the:

PSC-17 - Inetrnalized problems ≥ 5 PSC-17 - Attention deficites ≥ 7 PSC-17 - Externalized problems ≥7 Total Score ≥ 15

The Parental Support and Control 20-items scale was developed specifically for this study. It consists of 20 statements describing parental behaviors that express emotional support for the child (10 statements, e.g. "I hug and cuddle my child") and control of the child (10 statements, e.g. "I know my child's friends"). For each statement, respondents select one of the following answers: 0 - "Rarely"; 1 - "Sometimes"; 2 - "Often". The higher the score, the stronger the support and control of the child by the parents.

Both the subscale scores and the overall score will be analyzed. Since the scale was previously only pilot tested in a small group, the analysis of its psychometric properties will precede the analysis of the program results.

The assessment is based on parents' answer to the single question on the numer of days per week the child meets the WHO recommendation for daily MVPA (Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity) - being active for at least 60 minutes.

Assessment based on parental responses to the question, "In a typical week (including weekends), how much time does your child spend on average playing sports/exercise/dance classes at a sports club/health club/fitness center/dance academy? (By sports and exercise, we mean soccer, playing on the field, hockey, swimming, tennis, basketball, gymnastics, ballet, fitness classes, dance classes, etc.)." 5-point response scale: Not at all; 1-2 hours per week; 3-4 hours per week; At least 5 hours per week; I don't know

Assessment based on parental responses to the question "Does your child participate in sports club activities?" 4-point response scale: Yes, regularly and actively; Yes, occasionally; Not currently, but has participated in the past; No and has never participated

The child's sleep time is assessed by parents who indicate the time a child usually falls asleep (hours and minutes) and the time child usually wakes-up (hours and minutes).

Parents answer the question: "In a typical week, how often does your child eat breakfast (something more than just a drink, e.g., milk, tea, juice), including breakfast at school? Please select one answer. Never; A few days (1-3 days); Most days (4-6 days); Every day

Parents answer the question: "In a typical week, how many servings of fresh fruit and/or vegetables does your child eat per day? (One serving is the amount your child can fit in the palm of their hand, e.g., 4 dessert spoons of cooked vegetables, a small bowl of salad, a small bowl of vegetable soup; 1 medium-sized fruit [1 small apple], 2 small fruits [2 plums], 4-7 strawberries, or 10-14 cherries.)" choosing one of the categories: Not at all; Less than 1 serving per day; 1-2 servings per day; 3-4 servings per day; 5 or more servings per day

The index of rules for good sleep for children is composed of five questions answered by parents and covers: bathing/showering, brushing teeth, airing the room, relaxation (listening to a bedtime story, talking with a parent, etc.) before bad and not watching TV or using a cell phone for at least half an hour before bed. For each question, parents can choose one of three answers: (Usually (5-7 days a week); Sometimes (2-4 days a week); Rarely (1-2 days a week)) and the indicator of regular use of a given practice is the answer "Usually (5-7 days a week)"

Parents indicated how often, considering a typical week, their child consumes fresh fruit (excluding fruit juices and dried fruit) choosing one out of six response categories ranging from Never to More than once a day. Responses ranging from Once a day to More than once a day indicate regular consumption.

Parents indicated how often, considering a typical week, their child consumes vegetables (including vegetable soups, excluding potatoes) choosing one out of six response categories ranging from Never to More than once a day. Responses ranging from Once a day to More than once a day indicate regular consumption.

Parents indicated how often, considering a typical week, their child consumes sugar-containing beverages choosing one out of six response categories ranging from Never to More than once a day. Responses ranging from 4 to 6 - more than 3 days per week indicate frequent consumption.

Parents indicated how often, considering a typical week, their child consumes salty snacks (e.g. potato chips, corn chips, popcorn, peanuts) choosing one out of six response categories ranging from Never to More than once a day. Responses ranging from 4 to 6 - more than 3 days per week indicate frequent consumption.

Parents indicated how often, considering a typical week, their child consumes sweet snacks (e.g. cakes, cookies/biscuits, sweet desserts) choosing one out of six response categories ranging from Never to More than once a day. Responses ranging from 4 to 6 - more than 3 days per week indicate frequent consumption.

Parents indicated how often, considering a typical week, their child consumes fast food products (e.g. pizza, casserole, hamburger) choosing one out of six response categories ranging from Never to More than once a day. Responses ranging from 4 to 6 - more than 3 days per week indicate frequent consumption.

Parents indicate how often, on a typical week, they eat breakfast with a child by choosing one of the answers: Never, Less than once a week, 1-2 days a week, 3-4 days a week, 5-6 days a week, Every day. Two last categories indicate regular behavior.

Parents indicate how often, on a typical week, they eat lunch with a child by choosing one of the answers: Never, Less than once a week, 1-2 days a week, 3-4 days a week, 5-6 days a week, Every day. Two last categories indicate regular behavior.

Parents indicate how often, on a typical week, they eat diner with a child by choosing one of the answers: Never, Less than once a week, 1-2 days a week, 3-4 days a week, 5-6 days a week, Every day. Two last categories indicate regular behavior.

Parents answer the question "In their free time: how many hours a day does your child spend on playing games on a computer, console, tablet, smartphone, TV" by selecting one of 9 answers (from Not at all to About 7 or more hours a day)

Parents answer the question "In their free time: how many hours a day does your child spend using a computer or other electronic devices for academic activities, including homework" by selecting one of 9 answers (from Not at all to About 7 or more hours a day)

Parents answer the question "In their free time: how many hours a day does your child spend watching TV, movies or videos on sites like YouTube, etc." by selecting one of 9 answers (from Not at all to About 7 or more hours a day)

Parents answer the question "In their free time: how many hours a day does your child spend searching for information on the Internet, browsing websites." by selecting one of 9 answers (from Not at all to About 7 or more hours a day)

Parents answer the question "In their free time: how many hours a day does your child spend on other sedentary activities, e.g. reading books, playing an instrument." by selecting one of 9 answers (from Not at all to About 7 or more hours a day)

Students mark on the picture scale answer to the question "How many days in the last week (last 7 days) did you eat vegetables - fresh (e.g., carrots) or cooked (e.g., broccoli, potatoes)?". They select one out of five answers: never, 1 day, 2-3 days, 4-5 days, 6-7 days

Students mark on the picture scale answer to the question: "How many days in the last week (last 7 days) did you eat fruit - for example, an apple, a banana or a pear?". They select one out of five answers: never, 1 day, 2-3 days, 4-5 days, 6-7 days

Students mark on the picture scale answer to the question: "How many days in the last week (last 7 days) did I walk, ride a bike, ride a scooter to (or from) school?". They select one out of five answers: never, 1 day, 2-3 days, 4-5 days, 6-7 days

Students mark on the picture scale answer to the question: "How many days in the last week (last 7 days) you were active - you moved a lot, ran, danced, played football or swam?" They select one out of five answers: never, 1 day, 2-3 days, 4-5 days, 6-7 days

Students mark on the picture scale answer to the question: "How many days in the last week (last 7 days) you slept for 9 hours or more last night?" They select one out of five answers: never, 1 day, 2-3 days, 4-5 days, 6-7 days

Students mark on the picture scale answer to the question: "How many days in the last week (last 7 days) before going to bed, you listened to calming music, a story, or read something interesting?" They select one out of five answers: never, 1 day, 2-3 days, 4-5 days, 6-7 days

Students mark on the picture scale answer to the question: "How many days in the last week (last 7 days) did you spent less than 2 hours in front of the computer, phone, or tablet?" They select one out of five answers: never, 1 day, 2-3 days, 4-5 days, 6-7 days

Students mark on the picture scale answer to the question: "How many days in the last week (last 7 days) you did not use the phone, computer, or tablet right before going to bed?" They select one out of five answers: never, 1 day, 2-3 days, 4-5 days, 6-7 days

Students mark on the picture scale answer to the question: "How many days in the last week (last 7 days) after school you played with other children, e.g., in the yard or on the playground?" They select one out of five answers: never, 1 day, 2-3 days, 4-5 days, 6-7 days

Students mark on the picture scale answer to the question: "How many days in the last week (last 7 days) did you spent free time with your loved ones - you played together, talked, or did something else?" They select one out of five answers: never, 1 day, 2-3 days, 4-5 days, 6-7 days