Healthy ReStart Intervention to Improve Health and Functioning

Change in participants' feelings of competence about their ability to improve their lives and follow through on their life goals as measured by the Perceived Competence scale. This 4-item scale using a 7-point Likert response format ranging from "not at all true" to "very true." The minimum value is 4 and the maximum is 28, with higher scores indicating a better outcome.

Change in symptoms of depression and anhedonia is measured by the Patient Health Questionniare-9. Total score ranges from 0 to 27 with higher values indicating greater likelihood of depressive disorder. Total score is calculated by adding the 9 item scores.

Change in anxiety symptoms is measured by The Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item Questionnaire. Total score ranges from 0 to 21 with higher values indicating greater likelihood of generalized anxiety disorder. Total score is calculated by adding the 7 item scores.

Change in subjects' sense of personal control over important life outcomes is measured by the Coping Mastery Scale. Higher values equal better coping mastery. Minimum=2 and maximum=49.

Change in empowerment is measure by the Empowerment Scale. This 28-item instrument designed to measure subjective feelings of empowerment via self-report in which respondents answer questions on a four-point scale ranging from Strongly Agree to Strongly Disagree. The minimum score is 28 and the maximum is 112, with higher scores indicating a better outcome.

Change in recovery is measured by the Recovery Assessment Scale (RAS). Recovery is a psychosocial outcome assessed via patient self-ratings on a 41-item scale using a 5-point Likert-Response format ranging from "strongly disagree" to "strongly agree." The minimum value for the RAS is 41 and the maximum is 205, with higher scores indicating a better outcome. Dimensions of recovery include personal confidence and hope, willingness to ask for help, goal and success orientation, reliance on others, and not being dominated by one's residual psychiatric symptoms.

Change in physical and mental functioning is measured by the Veterans Rand 12. This measure assesses physical functioning, role limitations due to physical or mental health problems, pain, energy, mental and physical health, and social functioning. Responses to each item create physical component and mental component summary scores. The item weights account for differences in the strength of relationships between individual items and the physical and mental component scores. Scores are standardized using a T-score metric, with a mean of 50 and a standard deviation of 10.

Change in the ability to advocate for oneself with behavioral health care providers is assessed by the Patient Self-Advocacy Scale, an 18-item scale with a 5-point Likert response set ranging from "strongly disagree" to "strongly agree." Dimensions include in patient knowledge, assertiveness, and potential for mindful non-adherence to treatment. Scoring involves computing the mean scale score, so therefore values range from a minimum of 1 to a maximum of 5, with higher scores indicating a better outcome.