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Completed

NCT Number: NCT07161934

Guided Imagery Training for Shooting Accuracy and Mental Skills in Adolescent Football Players

This study is designed to examine whether guided imagery training can improve football shooting performance and psychological skills in young athletes. Thirty-two male players aged 12-14 years will be randomly assigned to an imagery training group or a control group. The imagery group will receive guided mental training sessions after each regular football practice for 12 weeks, while the control group will participate only in standard training. The primary outcome will be shooting accuracy at 10 and 15 meters, and the secondary outcome will be imagery ability assessed with a validated questionnaire.

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Key information

Conditions

Adolescent Imagery, Psychotherapy Psychological Phenomena and Processes Soccer Performance

Age range

12 year–14 year

Sex eligibility

Male

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Primary location

Yozgat Municipality Bozok Sports Club

Yozgat, Konya, 66100, Turkey (Türkiye)

About this study

The purpose of this randomized controlled trial is to evaluate the effects of a structured guided imagery program on shooting accuracy and sport-specific psychological abilities in adolescent football players. A total of 32 licensed male players, aged between 12 and 14 years, will be recruited from a local sports club and randomly assigned to one of two groups.

The intervention group will receive guided imagery sessions of 15 minutes following each of their three weekly football practices, over a total period of 12 weeks (36 sessions). These sessions will include relaxation, visualization of technical movements, and reinforcement of confidence and motivation. The control group will continue with standard technical training and will participate in short team meetings to match the contact time.

The primary outcome will be shooting accuracy, evaluated with a standardized shooting accuracy test at distances of 10 and 15 meters. The secondary outcome will be imagery ability, measured using the Sport Imagery Questionnaire for Children (SIQ-C).

The study design is a single-center, parallel-group randomized controlled trial. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institute of Social Sciences Ethics Committee at Çağ University (Approval No. 350-50, January 10, 2020). All participants and their parents will provide written informed consent before the trial.

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: Yes

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Male adolescent football players
  • Age between 12 and 14 years
  • Licensed players of Yozgat Municipality Bozok Sports Club
  • Regular attendance at training sessions
  • Written informed consent obtained from both player and parent/guardian

Exclusion criteria

  • Withdrawal of consent at any time
  • Health problems arising during the intervention that prevent participation
  • Irregular or insufficient attendance at training sessions
  • Female athletes (not available in this age category at the club)

Treatment and study plan

Guided Imagery Training

Behavioral

Participants received guided imagery sessions of 15 minutes after each football training, three times per week for 12 weeks (36 sessions). Sessions included relaxation, visualization of technical movements, and reinforcement of motivation and confidence.

Other names: Mental Imagery, Sport Imagery

Standard Football Training

Behavioral

Participants received only regular football training three times per week for 12 weeks (36 sessions). Each session lasted 60 minutes and focused on technical skills. To match contact time, a 15-minute team evaluation meeting was held after each practice.

Other names: Technical Training Only

Primary outcomes

  1. Shooting Accuracy Test (10 m and 15 m)

    Time frame: Baseline and 12 weeks (post-intervention).

    Change in football shooting accuracy measured with a standardized Shooting Accuracy Test at baseline and after 12 weeks. Players performed 10 shots with their dominant foot at distances of 10 m and 15 m, and the number of successful hits was recorded. Higher values indicate better shooting accuracy.

Secondary outcomes

  1. Sport Imagery Questionnaire for Children (SIQ-C) Total and Subscale Scores

    Time frame: Baseline and 12 weeks (post-intervention).

    Change in total score and subscales (Specific Cognitive-Motivational, General Cognitive, and General Motivational-Mastery) of the Sport Imagery Questionnaire for Children (SIQ-C), a validated 21-item self-report questionnaire assessing imagery ability in children and adolescents. Each item is rated on a Likert scale from 1 to 5, resulting in total scores ranging from 21 to 105. Higher scores indicate greater imagery ability.

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Merve Burcu Güler

Other

Registry information

Official study title

A Randomized Controlled Trial on the Effects of Guided Imagery Training on Shooting Accuracy and Psychological Skills in Adolescent Football Players

Important dates

Study start
2020
Primary completion
2020
Study completion
2020
First posted
Sep 9, 2025
Registry last updated
Sep 9, 2025

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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