Glossopharyngeal Nerve Block for Post -Tonsillectomy Pain Relief

Tonsillectomy is one of the most frequent surgical procedures performed all over the world that has been identified as being severely painful especially in the adult population. Management of post tonsillectomy pain is of paramount importance in order to improve swallowing and enhance oral intake as well as to decrease the risk of dehydration, infection and secondary hemorrhage with a subsequent hastening of recovery.

A variety of analgesic regimens have been implemented to alleviate post-tonsillectomy pain, however; no consensus on the ideal analgesic regimen has been yet identified.

The Ultrasound (US)-guided glossopharyngeal nerve (GPN) block has been acknowledged as a feasible option for providing perioperative analgesia in tonsillectomy patients. It blocks sensory impulses from the posterior third of the tongue, palatine tonsil, and mucous membranes of the mouth and pharynx. Conventional techniques for blocking the GPN carry the risk of vascular puncture, inadvertent block of closely adjacent other cranial nerves, with increased probability of local anesthetic toxicity and even upper airway obstruction. Recently, a novel, safe, and reproducible US-guided GPN block technique has been introduced by Azman et al, which would block the GPN distally, in the tissue plane just next to the pharyngeal wall and relatively far from high risk nearby structures.

Inclusion criteria

• Patients classified by the American society of Anesthesiologists ASA I and II patients
• Scheduled for tonsillectomy procedure

Exclusion criteria

• Patients' refusal
• History of diabetes mellitus,
• Cardiac, liver or renal impairment
• Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
• Swallowing difficulty
• Intake of chronic pain medications or substance abuse
• Bleeding disorders
• Hypersensitivity to the used medication