Genicular Artery Embolization to Reduce Pain Associated With Unilateral Mild to Moderate Osteoarthritis

This is a single-center, pilot study to assess the feasibility of a study show the effectiveness of the genicular artery embolization (GAE) in reducing arthritic pain and dysfunction associated with mild to moderate Bilateral or unilateral osteoarthritis of the knee. Patients with bilateral or unilateral Grade 1-3 Osteoarthritis as diagnosed on standing weight-bearing knee radiographs per the Kellen-Lawrence Grading scale, will be offered enrollment to the study. Following a screening questionnaire, these patients will then be enrolled in this study. Baseline MRI will be obtained prior to the GAE procedure. Follow up intervals will include 3, 6, 9, and 12 months with the primary objective measured by a clinician as the WOMAC (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index) score, Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome (KOOS) score, and Oswestry Disability Index at the 12-month follow up visit. Patients will also undergo 1 year follow up MRI to be interpreted by a diagnostic radiologist with subspecialty training in musculoskeletal radiology. This radiologist will compare the treated knee to the baseline screening according to the WORMS classification (Whole Organ Magnetic Resonance Scoring) to assess for radiologic changes of osteoarthritis and any adverse effects.

Inclusion criteria

We intend to include patients who meet the following criteria in the study:

• Patients aged 40-80
• Bilateral or Unilateral knee pain attributed to osteoarthritis
• Grade 1-3 Osteoarthritis as diagnosed on standing weight-bearing knee radiographs per the Kellen-Lawrence Grading scale
• Knee pain >6 months refractory to conservative medical management (NSAIDs, paracetamol, intra-articular injections, physiotherapy/exercise, weight loss, etc.)

Exclusion criteria

• We plan to exclude patients who meet any of the following criteria:

• Active malignancy
• Active infection of the affected knee
• Platelets <50,000
• INR >1.8 (unless on anticoagulation that can be reversed)
• Corticosteroid injection of the affected knee within 3 months
• Rheumatoid arthritis or other seronegative arthropathy
• Previous surgery (excluding arthroscopy) of the affected knee
• Grade 4 per Kellgren-Lawrence Grading Scale of the affected knee
• Pregnancy or expected pregnancy
• GFR <30
• Anaphylactic reaction to iodinated contrast
• Moderate to severe pain in other lower limb joints
• Body weight >400 lbs. (Procedure table weight limit)
• BMI >50
• Patients at high risk for contrast nephropathy