GEMOX Combined With Donafenib and Tislelizumab in Advanced Biliary Tract Carcinoma

Most advanced biliary tract carcinoma (BTC) patients are often accompanied by local or distant metastases and lose the opportunity for surgical resection. For patients with advanced BTC who have been in stages III and IV (AJCC/UICC, V2, 2018), the survival time is less than 4 months, and there is currently no standard treatment. The Gemox chemotherapy (oxaliplatin + gemcitabine) has been used in the treatment of advanced BTC, but the efficacy is still unsatisfactory. Donafenib is a small molecule multi-kinase inhibitor, the main targets including VEGFR1-3, PDGFRα, RET(ret proto-oncogene ), c-KIT(KIT proto-oncogene, receptor tyrosine kinase), Raf,FLT3,have anti-angiogenic effects, have been proven effective in hepatocellular carcinoma. In recent years, monoclonal antibodies against programmed cell death protein 1 (PD1) have shown remarkable therapeutic effects in the treatment of various solid tumors. Prior to this, the combined treatment of GEMOX combined with Donafenib and Tislelizumab was proved satisfying safety. Meanwhile,the phase-I trial showed good efficacy in conversion rate and 6-month overall survival rate. Due to the limitted small sample size of the phase I trial, the investigators aim to expand the sample size to further verify the effects and safety of combined therapy in the study.

Inclusion criteria

• Age ≥18 years and ≤75 years;
• ECOG physical condition score: 0~1;
• Histologically or cytologically confirmed advanced biliary tract carcinoma (including gallbladder, intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma);
• Preoperative imaging assessment of the disease stage was III/IV;
• At least one measurable lesion (according to mRECIST criteria)
• Child-Pugh classification : A or B
• The main organs function well, and the examination indicators meet the following requirements:
• Routine blood tests: Hemoglobin ≥90 g/L (no blood transfusion within 14 days);Neutrophil count ≥1.5×10^9/L; Platelet count ≥80×10^9/L;
• Biochemical examination: Total bilirubin ≤2×ULN (upper normal value); ALT or AST ≤ 2.5×ULN; Endogenous creatinine clearance ≥ 50 mL /min (Cockcroft-Gault formula);
• thyroid function:Thyroid function is normal, thyroid stimulating hormone TSH is defined to be within the normal range. If baseline TSH is outside the normal range, T3 and T4 can be included if they are within the normal range;
• Myocardial enzyme profile:The myocardial enzyme profile was in the normal range (if simple laboratory abnormalities that were not clinically significant as determined by the investigators could also be included);
• Estimated survival time ≥ 3 months;
• Sign the informed consent voluntarily;
• Good compliance, and family members willing to cooperate with follow-up.

Exclusion criteria

• Patients with other uncured malignant tumors;
• Pregnant or lactating women who are required to withdraw from the clinical trial if they become pregnant during the study period;
• Previous antitumor therapy for the disease in this study;
• Participated in clinical trials of other drugs within one month;
• Patients with a known history of other systemic serious diseases before screening;
• Obstructive jaundice (after active treatment such as biliary drainage or stent, the patients can be included in the group after the liver function returns to normal);
• Untreated active hepatitis B (defined as HBsAg positive and HBV-DNA copy number greater than the upper limit of normal in the clinical laboratory of the study center);
• Active HCV infected persons (HCV antibody positive with HCV RNA levels above the lower limit of detection);
• Allergic to any investigational drug or excipient;
• Long-term unhealed wounds or incomplete healing fractures;
• Previous organ transplantation history;
• Having a history of abuse of psychotropic substances and being unable to quit or having mental disorders;
• A history of immune deficiency or other acquired or congenital immunodeficiency diseases, or a history of organ transplantation;
• Concomitant conditions that, in the investigator's judgment, seriously endanger the patient's safety or affect the patient's completion of the study.