Gaining Optimism After Weight Loss Surgery (GOALS) I

Feasibility will be measured by examining the number of completed intervention sessions. The intervention will be considered feasible if at least 7/10 sessions are completed, on average.

Acceptability will be measured with ratings of ease and utility after each exercise, measured on a 10-point Likert scale (1=very difficult/not at all helpful, 10=very easy/very helpful). The intervention will be considered acceptable if average ease and utility ratings are at least 7/10.

We will use ActiGraph GT3X-BT accelerometers to objectively measure physical activity for 1 week at each assessment. MVPA will be measured in minutes/week.

Measured by Actigraph accelerometer, in number of steps per day.

Measured by Actigraph accelerometer, in minutes per week.

Measured by Actigraph accelerometer, in minutes per day.

The Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R) is a well-validated 6-item instrument used to measure dispositional optimism (Range: 0-24). Higher scores indicate higher levels of optimism.

The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)-depression subscale will be used to measure depression. This is a well-validated scale with few somatic symptom items that can confound mood/anxiety assessment in medically-ill patients (Range: 0-21). Higher scores indicate higher levels of depression.

The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)-anxiety subscale will be used to measure anxiety. This is a well-validated scale with few somatic symptom items that can confound mood/anxiety assessment in medically-ill patients (Range: 0-21). Higher scores indicate higher levels of anxiety.

The University of Rhode Island Change Assessment (URICA) is a well-validated, 32-item measure that will be used to assess motivation to change. Higher scores indicate higher motivation to change. Scores range from -2 to 14.

The Exercise Identity Scale (EIS) is a well-validated, 9-item measure that will be used to assess the extent to which exercise contributes to one's role-identity (Range: 9-63). Higher scores indicate stronger exercise identity.

Self-efficacy will be measured using the General Self Efficacy scale (GSE), a validated measure of self-efficacy, given its links to improved adherence. Higher scores indicate greater self-efficacy. Possible scores range from 10-40.

Exercise-specific self-efficacy will be measured by the Self-Efficacy for Exercise scale (SEE), a validated scale which assesses self-efficacy for exercise (Range: 0-90). Higher scores indicate higher self-efficacy.

The Weight Bias Internalization Scale - Modified (WBIS-M) is a well-validated, 11-item measure that will be used to measure internalized weight bias (Range: 11-77). Higher scores indicate greater internalized weight bias.

Body image will be assessed using the Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ) Appearance Evaluation subscale. Higher scores indicate better body image and possible scores range from 1-5.

The Bariatric Surgery Self-Management Questionnaire (BSSQ) is a validated measure that will be used to assess adherence to diet and vitamin recommendations after bariatric surgery. Higher scores indicate better adherence to diet and vitamin recommendations. Possible scores range from 0-66.

The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) - Short Form is a well-validated 7-day physical activity recall assessment for physical activity. Activity will be measured by the number of minutes per day of moderate or greater activity per week.

Body weight (in pounds) will be measured on a calibrated scale.

Waist circumference will be measured by a nurse.

Blood pressure will be measured by a nurse in mmHG.

The 6 Minute Walk Test is a sub-maximal exercise test used to assess aerobic capacity and endurance. The distance covered over a time of 6 minutes is used as the outcome by which to compare changes in performance capacity.

The Social Support and Exercise Survey is a 13-item validated measure that assesses social support for exercising from family and friends over the past 3 months. Scores range from 20 to 200, with higher scores indicating more social support.

The Social Support and Eating Habits Survey encouragement subscale is a 5-item validated measure that assesses social support for healthy eating from family and friends over the past 3 months. Scores range from 10 to 80, with higher scores indicating more social support.

The measurement of body fat in relation to lean body mass will be measured using bio-electrical impedance.

Hemoglobin A1C will be measured via blood draw. A higher percentage means higher blood glucose values.

HDL will be measured via blood draw. Higher levels of HDL in the blood means better absorption and clearing of cholesterol.

C-reactive protein will be measured via blood draw as a measure of inflammation in mg/dL.