Furcation Therapy With Enamel Matrix Derivative

Objective: To clinically evaluate mandibular furcation treated with Beta tricalcium phosphate/hydroxyapatite (βTCP/HA) isolated or combined with enamel matrix derivative (EMD + βTCP/HA) and EMD alone.

Material and Methods: 39 patients, presenting at least one mandibular class II furcation defect, probing pocket depth (PPD) ≥ 4 mm and bleeding on probing, were included. The defects were assigned to the βTCP/HA group 1 (n = 13); open-flap debridement (OFD) + βTCP/HA filling; βTCP/HA + EMD group 2 (n = 13); OFD + βTCP/HA + EMD filling; and EMD group 3 (n = 13) OFD + EMD filling. Plaque (PI) and gingival index (GI), PPD, relative gingival margin position (RGMP), vertical and horizontal attachment level (RVCAL and RHCAL), and furcation diagnosis were evaluated at baseline, 6 and 12 months.

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Key information

Conditions

Chronic Periodontitis Chronic Disease Disease Attributes Mouth Diseases Pathologic Processes Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms Periodontal Diseases Periodontitis Stomatognathic Diseases

Age range

21 year–75 year

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

About this study

Although enamel matrix derivative (EMD) has been used to promote periodontal regeneration, little is known of its effect on the microbiome. Therefore, this investigation aimed to identify the changes in periodontal microbiome following treatment with EMD using a deep-sequencing approach. Thirty-nine patients having mandibular class II buccal furcation defects were randomized to beta-tricalcium-phosphate/hydroxyapatite graft (BONE group), EMD+BONE or EMD alone. Plaque was collected from furcation defects at baseline, 3 and 6 months post-treatment. Bacterial DNA was analyzed using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (t-RFLP) and 16S pyrotag sequencing. 169,000 classifiable sequences were compared to HOMD using the QIIME and PhyloToAST pipelines. Statistical comparisons were made using parametric tests. At baseline, a total of 422 species were identified from the 39 defects, belonging to Fusobacterium, Pseudomonas, Streptococcus, Filifactor and Parvimonas. All three regenerative procedures predictably altered the disease-associated microbiome, with a restitution of health-compatible species. However, EMD and BONE+EMD groups demonstrated more long-term reductions in higher number of species than in BONE group (p<0.05), especially disease-associated species e.g. Selenomonas noxia, F.alocis, and Fusobacterium. EMD may promote periodontal regeneration by predictably altering a dysbiotic subgingival microbiome, decreasing pathogen richness and increasing commensal abundance.

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: Yes

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

Untreated ChronicPeriodontitis

Exclusion criteria

Diabetes Pregnancy Current Smoking

Treatment and study plan

Bone

Biological

Furcation defect regenerated with bone graft material

EMD

Biological

Furcation defect regenerated with EMD

Primary outcomes

Shifts in the subgingival microbiome at 3 and 6 months in response to the interventions

Time frame: 6 months

Subgingival microbial plaque samples will be collected at baseline and at the 3 and 6-month re-evaluation visits. Bacterial samples will be removed from the paper points by adding 200µl of phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and vortexing for 1 minute. The paper points were then removed, and DNA isolated using a Qiagen MiniAmp kit (Valencia, CA) according to the manufacturer's instructions. Multiplexed bacterial tag-encoded FLX amplicon pyrosequencing will be performed using the Titanium platform. High quality, classifiable sequences (quality score >25, >200bp length) were clustered into species-level operational taxonomic units (s-OTUs) at 97% sequence similarity and assigned a taxonomic identity by alignment to the HOMD database using the Blastn algorithm. Primary outcome measures will be changes in diversity, equitability and levels of pathogens.

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Ohio State University

Other

Collaborators

University of Campinas, Brazil

Registry information

Official study title

Furcation Therapy With Enamel Matrix Derivative: Effects on the Subgingival Microbiome

Important dates

Study start: 2014
Primary completion: 2014
Study completion: 2016
First posted: Sep 20, 2016
Registry last updated: Mar 3, 2021

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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Completed