Frequency Domain Optical Imaging

The purpose of this clinical study is to demonstrate the feasibility of NIR absorption and fluorescence imaging of the female breast when the method is guided by breast MRI. The hypotheses to be tested are:

• MR-guided NIR absorption and fluorescence imaging of the breast is feasible in the setting of a clinical breast exam
• MR-guided NIR absorption and fluorescence imaging of the breast provides spatial localization and contrast of a breast abnormality that is superior to NIR absorption and fluorescence tomography alone.

HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS

Inclusion criteria

• Female, ≥20 years old
• Breast size and epithelial integrity adequate to allow NIR imaging exams.
• Ability to provide written informed consent
• No serious associated psychiatric illnesses.

Exclusion criteria

• Absolute or relative contraindication to MRI:

• the presence of an electronic implant, such as a pacemaker
• the presence of a metal implant, such as an aneurysm clip
• claustrophobia
• the presence of other contraindication(s), as determined by the MRI technologists and radiologists.
• Pregnancy

WOMEN WITH BREAST ABNORMALITIES

Inclusion:

• Female, ≥ 20 years old.
• Breast size and epithelial integrity adequate to allow NIR imaging exams.
• Ability to provide written informed consent.
• No serious associated psychiatric illnesses.
• A recent screening mammogram that questions the presence of an abnormality, thus requiring further mammographic examination.

Exclusion:

• Absolute or relative contraindication to MRI:

• the presence of an electronic implant, such as a pacemaker
• the presence of a metal implant, such as an aneurysm clip
• claustrophobia
• the presence of other contraindication(s), as determined by the MRI technologists and radiologists.
• Pregnancy
• A history of allergy to iodides
• A GFR < 30 ml/min as determined by blood test on the day of NIR/MR imaging, or from lab results within 3 months of NIR/MR imaging.